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FPMA 简报 #3 CH, 2023年4月14日

食品价格趋势月度报告












See full version of Food Price Monitoring and Analysis Bulletin #4, April 2023 (in English only)



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    2023年9月,国际谷物价格走势不一。受主要出口国不同因素影响,玉米价格上涨,而小麦价格继续下滑,原因是北半球收成工作接近尾声。与此同时,国际稻米价格略有下降,原因是进口需求总体放缓,加之印度稻米出口政策仍存在不确定性,以及各出口国的库存逐渐减少。2023年9月,大多数受粮农组织监测国家的国内主粮价格同比仍走高。不断上涨的能源价格继续导致运输和供应成本上扬,而货币疲软导致进口成本上升。动荡和冲突仍是海地以及东非和西非部分地区食品价上涨的主要原因。由于厄尔尼诺现象频发,市场愈发担忧亚洲和南部非洲部分地区2023/24年作物收成前景。
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    FPMA 简报 #10 CH,2023年12月13日
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    11月,国际谷物价格继续下跌。季节性收成压力导致粗粮和小麦的全球价格下跌。尽管各产地和细分市场的价格趋势存在差异,但粮农组织各类稻米价格指数环比保持稳定。 11月,大多数受粮农组织监测国家的年食品通胀率继续上涨,国内主粮价格同比走高。冲突、动荡、以及厄尔尼诺现象频发造成的极端天气事件等同时爆发,继续导致一些国家的粮食生产和市场活动受限。宏观经济形势艰难,如货币疲软,仍是导致食品价格高企的一大因素,粮食净进口国情况尤为如此。
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    2023年10月,国际谷物价格大多下跌。小麦价格下滑,原因是俄罗斯联邦小麦价低,且仍在下跌。由于国际进口需求总体低迷,10月,国际稻米价格环比下降2%。相比之下,粗粮价格走高,原因是阿根廷价格上涨抵消了巴西价格下跌的影响。2023年10月,大多数受粮农组织监测国家的国内主粮价格同比走高,主要原因是生产和供应成本上扬。一些国家推出了或延长了各种政策措施,以缓解价格上涨压力,确保本地市场的主要主粮获取能力。

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