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ArticleIntegrating adaptive management strategies for coping with climate change impacts on farming households in forest communities of Nigeria
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Most Nigerians depend on natural ecosystems such as forests, for extensive rain-fed farming and short fallow periods. Forest communities interact with their ecosystems for income, food, nutritional security and livelihood sustenance. It is important to determine the response of these communities to climate change vulnerability through modified livelihood activities. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to assess the perceived impact of climate variability on farming communities in major ecosystems (rainforest, savannah and mangrove) of Nigeria. Using focus group discussions, we identified perceived impacts, traditional adaptive measures and new technologies that communities were adopting to cope with climate change. Over the last 30 years, there were perceived shifts in the rainfall patterns, durations and intensities with negative effects on rain-fed agriculture. Planting operations and cropping calendars had been altered, especially in the savanna, which had the highest incidence of drought and flooding. Climate variability negatively affected food production and available land for farming. Livelihoods most impacted were farming, hunting, fishing, timber and non-timber forest products’ collection. High temperatures, illegal logging and charcoal production were the most important environmental drivers of climate change. While poor governance, poverty and unemployment were the key political and economic elements. Local adaptation strategies included crop rotation, mixed cropping, diversification of trade, water conservation and adjustment of planting calendars based on traditional weather forecast. Sustainable adaptation strategies required included provision of credit facilities, affordable insurance policy; increased supply of drought and disease resistant crops; road networks, favourable forestry regulation; and improved climate information systems. Farmers were struggling with adaptive strategies and required external assistance to cope with climate change. Keywords: adaptive and integrated management; climate change; agriculture; sustainable forest management; food systems. ID: 3474255 -
ArticleForest landscapes restoration measures as a cost effective solution for climate change mitigation and adaptation in India
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Global deforestation and forest degradation have led to massive loss of biodiversity. Hence, it is important not only to protect but also restore the forest ecosystems. Forest biodiversity protection, biomass production and climate change mitigation and adaptation are important key motivation for forest restoration. Tree-based landscape restoration is a widely accepted cost-effective measure to combat climate change. India’s commitment of Nationally Determined Contribution to the Paris Agreement is to sequester additional 2.5 to 3 billion tons CO2 equivalent by 2030 through increased forest and tree cover and this ties in with the Bonn Challenge commitment to restore 21 mha of deforested and degraded lands by 2030 (now increased to 26 mha during UNCCD COP 14 meeting held in Sept. 2019) as well as the SDGs. This commitment can only be met if existing forests are protected and improved and tree cover is extended by 25 to 30 mha. The main objectives of the Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) in India is to reverse the process of degradation of forests & improve its productive potential, improve the regeneration of native flora & enrich the biodiversity, and enhance biomass production, carbon stocks & incomes of the rural households. For a successful FLR works in India, focus needs to be on proactive involvement of communities and local people, better coordination among the various government agencies and departments for effective implementation of project activities, robust Institutional mechanism, and continuous fund flow and support to sustain the activities and keep the restored areas intact. Here, we present how India can achieve the NDC and Bonn Challenge through forest landscape restoration. Potential to increase forest and tree cover and the carbon sequestration that can be achieved has been discussed. This will support planning for landscape restoration through the past and on-going initiatives which identifies different types of interventions implemented. Keywords: Deforestation and forest degradation; Climate change; Biodiversity conservation; Research; Landscape management ID: 3469382 -
ArticleSacred Kaya forests: Role in enhancing food security, climate change adaptation and biodiversity conservation among the Mijikenda community in Kenya
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Sacred Kaya forests, located in Kenya’s coastal plains and hills, are sacred forests of the Mijikenda ethnic community. These forests have been preserved since the 16th century as sacred places where prayers, rituals and sacrifices take place, and their integrity and sanctity have been safeguarded by a council of Kaya elders who employ a system of taboos and traditional rules to protect the forests. Kaya forests provide vital ecosystem services such as biomass energy, food, air and water purification, pollination, seed dispersal, climate modification and soil stabilization which support local livelihoods. Despite their importance, rapid population growth, infrastructural development, cultural erosion and overdependence on natural resources by local communities are causing extensive degradation of Kaya forests with negative implications on biodiversity conservation and local livelihoods. A study was conducted to assess the role of Kaya forests in enhancing food security, community adaptation to climate change and biodiversity conservation among the Mijikenda community. Household questionnaires, focus group discussions, community meetings and transect walks were used to collect data amongst communities living adjacent to Rabai Kaya landscape in Kenya. The study revealed that Kaya forests are biodiversity hotspots. The diverse flora and fauna of the Kaya forests are sources of genetic resources for food, forestry and agriculture, and mitigate the loss of variability of plant genetic resources for food security and adaptation to climate change. The study recommends protection of traditional knowledge and strengthening of traditional governance systems such as the Kaya council of elders which underpin the conservation of Kaya forests for enhanced conservation and socio-economic benefits. Key words: Kaya forests, biodiversity, food security, adaptation and Mijikenda ID: 3486805
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