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ArticleRestoration of diversity and regeneration of woody species through area exclosure: The case of Maun International Airport in northern Botswana
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Deforested and degraded areas can be cheaply and conveniently restored through establishment of exclosures. An area exclosure excludes animals and humans from accessing an area to promote natural regeneration of plants and rehabilitate ecological condition of the area. The study was aimed at: (i) determining the diversity (species richness, diversity and evenness); (ii) assessing the stand structure (densities); and (iii) assessing regeneration status of woody species inside and outside exclosed Maun International Airport, northern Botswana. Vegetation sampling was conducted from April to May 2018. A total of 48 and 37 quadrats of 20 x 20 m were laid down at 50 m intervals along transect lines inside and outside Maun International Airport, respectively. Identity, number of all live individuals and height of all woody species were recorded in all the quadrats. The diversity of all woody species was analysed by using Shannon Diversity Index (H’) and regeneration status of each woody species was assessed using frequency distribution of height class. The diversity, evenness and species richness were significantly higher inside than outside Maun International Airport. Colophospermum mopane was the most abundant species both inside (75% of all woody species) and outside (96% of all woody species) Maun International Airport. More species showed healthy regeneration status inside than outside Maun International Airport. The inside of Maun International Airport recorded more alien invasive woody species compared with the outside, owing to its original use as a residential area. The local communities might have introduced these species as ornamental trees. This study has demonstrated the important role exclosures play in enhancing woody species richness, diversity and evenness as well as facilitating regeneration of woody species. This study has highlighted that degraded woodlands and other similar ecosystems can be cheaply and conveniently restored through establishment of exclosures. Keywords: Density; evenness; population structure; regeneration ID: 3624015 -
DocumentEconomic analysis of forestry market by introducing positive list system (A case study of walnut market 2019)
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The Korean Government has been introduced and implementing the PLS system for all forestry products, agricultural products, and marine products from January 2019, including all of imported foods. This shall be used within a certain standard only for pesticides registered for each crop, and the uniform standard (0.01 ppm) shall be applied to pesticide MRLs in Foods. In other words, the food safety of people will be improved by strictly managing pesticides whose risks have not been verified from the stage of crop production and import. Replacing pesticides currently used in with registered pesticides or prohibiting them can have an negative effect of production. In terms of supply with the price and cost relationship, PLS is likely to increase pesticide prices, and then increase of production costs, and then finally, overall increase in market prices; and with respect to the imported food market PLS will possibly increase prices for the imported products to meet PLS standards. Forestry trade of 2020 is relatively decreased about –5.2%($8.43 billion) by $8.89 billion in 19 years. Looking at the walnut market (producer, consumer) welfare analysis results from the implementation of PLS as of 2018, the supply increase benefit from the fall in the nonconformity rate of PLS system implementation was estimated at KRW 22,655,000. Keywords: Research, Food systems, Research, Agriculture, Biodiversity conservation ID: 3603188 -
DocumentManaging taxonomic and functional diversity is the key to sustain aboveground biomass and soil microbial diversity: A synthesis from long-term forest restoration of southern China
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Exploring the biodiversity-ecosystem functioning relationship is one of the central goals of ecological research. Restoration is essential for supporting key ecosystem functions such as aboveground biomass production and managing soil microbial diversity. However, the relative importance of functional versus taxonomic diversity in explaining aboveground biomass and soil microbial diversity during restoration is poorly understood. Here, we used a trait-based approach to test for the importance of multiple plant diversity attributes in regulating aboveground biomass and soil microbial diversity in four 30- years-old restored subtropical forests in southern China. High-throughput Illumina sequencing was applied for detecting fungal and bacterial diversity. We show that both taxonomic and functional diversities are significant and positive regulators of aboveground biomass; however, functional diversity (FD) was more important than taxonomic diversity (TD) in controlling aboveground biomass. FD had the strongest direct effect on aboveground biomass compared with TD, soil properties, and community weighted mean (CWM) traits. Our results further indicate that leaf and root morphological traits and traits related to the nutrient content in plant tissues showed acquisitive resource use strategy which influenced aboveground biomass. In contrast to aboveground biomass, taxonomic diversity explained more of the soil microbial diversity than the FD and soil properties. Prediction of fungal richness was better than that of bacterial richness. In addition, root traits explained more variation of soil microbes than the leaf traits. Our results suggest that both TD and FD play a role in shaping aboveground biomass and soil microbial diversity; but FD is more important in supporting aboveground biomass while TD for belowground microbial diversity. These results imply that enhancing TD and FD is important to restoring and managing degraded forest landscapes. Key words: Biodiversity-Ecosystem functions; soil microbial diversity, taxonomic diversity, functional diversity, forest restoration ID: 3486373
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