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ArticleOur relationships with forests define the future forests: a case of national institutions and personal perceptions of private forest owners and forest professionals in Finland
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Our attitudes toward forests can be defined as human-forest relationships. These relationships are the result of our national context, the society where we live, cultural background, family and individual aspects, and of course, forests surrounding us. Human-forest relationships combine both historical and modern values and practices, reflecting the constantly evolving global, national, communal, and individual aims for future forests. Several disciplines have scrutinized people’s relationships with surrounding nature from various viewpoints, although partly disregarding forests’ unique characters and importance for societies and local communities. Our ongoing research asks what kind of relationships with forests are defined in national institutions, and expressed among private forest owners and forest professionals. The importance of research results lies especially in two grounds to which human-forest relationships affect, firstly, the acceptance or changes of current forest management practices, and secondly, activities in mitigating climate change securing our common future. The main data consist of selected national forest institutions and around 100 in-depth interviews of private forest owners and forest professionals. Qualitative data are analyzed in a theoretical framework consisting of both new institutionalism and phenomenological and narrative approaches in a multidisciplinary combination of social sciences, forest policy, and ethnology. Preliminary results reveal emerging changes in forest institutions that strengthen non-economic aims. Both private forest owners and forest professionals are partly in a state of confusion pondering what are the right institutions and actions for a sustainable future. We discuss the human-forest relationships that exist both at the national level and among individual stakeholders. We aim also to clarify the importance of existing human-forest relationships for conflict resolution and sustainable forestry. Keywords: Human-forest relationship, institutions, forest professionals, private forest owners ID: 3622236 -
ArticleOur relationships with forests define the future forests: a case of national institutions and personal perceptions of private forest owners and forest professionals in Finland
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Our attitudes toward forests can be defined as human-forest relationships. These relationships are the result of our national context, the society where we live, cultural background, family and individual aspects, and of course, forests surrounding us. Human-forest relationships combine both historical and modern values and practices, reflecting the constantly evolving global, national, communal, and individual aims for future forests. Several disciplines have scrutinized people’s relationships with surrounding nature from various viewpoints, although partly disregarding forests’ unique characters and importance for societies and local communities. Our ongoing research asks what kind of relationships with forests are defined in national institutions, and expressed among private forest owners and forest professionals. The importance of research results lies especially in two grounds to which human-forest relationships affect, firstly, the acceptance or changes of current forest management practices, and secondly, activities in mitigating climate change securing our common future. The main data consist of selected national forest institutions and around 100 in-depth interviews of private forest owners and forest professionals. Qualitative data are analyzed in a theoretical framework consisting of both new institutionalism and phenomenological and narrative approaches in a multidisciplinary combination of social sciences, forest policy, and ethnology. Preliminary results reveal emerging changes in forest institutions that strengthen non-economic aims. Both private forest owners and forest professionals are partly in a state of confusion pondering what are the right institutions and actions for a sustainable future. We discuss the human-forest relationships that exist both at the national level and among individual stakeholders. We aim also to clarify the importance of existing human-forest relationships for conflict resolution and sustainable forestry. Keywords: Human-forest relationship, institutions, forest professionals, private forest owners ID: 3622236 -
ArticleGovernance to governmentality: Paradigms of community forestry governance in Nepal
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.This paper explores how current practices govern decentralization processes in the community forestry sector of Nepal. Analysis of policy documents, legislation, decrees, and forestry sector programs over the past 40 years, combined with stakeholder and forest user groups interaction, shows that the community forestry development can be divided into three distinct phases, progression phase (1976-1993), till the enactment of the 1993 Forest Act where, the focus was on devising appropriate legislative and institutional arrangements for promoting community forests; governance phase (1994-1999), till the first amendment of the Forest Act in 1999, where priority was on handover of forest and sharing of responsibility between forest bureaucracy and forest user groups including capacity building and post-formation support and; governmentality phase (2000 onwards), starting with the enactment of 2000 Forest Policy, which is about devising a range of formal and informal technologies and strategies with a motive of maintaining or re-gaining control in a different than the traditional centralized, top-down manner. The basic philosophy of the community forestry, i.e., devolution of authority, remained unchanged; however, forest bureaucracy enforced, officially and unofficially, several guidelines and decrees that re-establish its authority over decentralized forest resources. This practice is continuing and flourishing even the country formulated new Forest Act in 2019 under the changed political context of the country. The governmentality approach has enabled the forest bureaucracy to curtail the autonomy of forest user groups and enhance its control over forest resources and associated economic benefits. Keywords: Forest bureaucracy, Devolution, History, Community Forestry, Nepal ID: 3623214
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