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Book (series)The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2025
Addressing high food price inflation for food security and nutrition
2025While some progress and recovery have been made in recent years, the world is still above pre-COVID-19 pandemic levels and far from eradicating hunger and food insecurity by 2030 (SDG Target 2.1). Similarly, despite some progress in the global nutrition targets, the world is not on track to achieve SDG Target 2.2. Among other factors, persistent food price inflation has slowed this momentum.The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2025 highlights how elevated inflation in many countries has undermined purchasing power and, especially among low-income populations, access to healthy diets. The report documents how high food price inflation is associated with increases in food insecurity and child malnutrition. Vulnerable groups, including low-income households, women, and rural communities, can be particularly affected by food price inflation, risking setbacks in the fight against hunger and malnutrition.In response to these challenges and to prevent future price shocks, the report examines policy measures adopted by countries, and outlines what is necessary going forwards. It stresses the importance of coherent implementation of fiscal and monetary policies to stabilize markets, promote open and resilient trade, and protect vulnerable populations. Additionally, it calls for better data systems and sustained investment in resilient agrifood systems to build long-term food security and nutrition. These coordinated actions are vital to reignite progress towards ending hunger and malnutrition by 2030. -
Book (series)The State of Food and Agriculture 2025
Addressing land degradation across landholding scales
2025Also available in:
No results found.The 2025 edition of The State of Food and Agriculture explores the theme “Addressing land degradation across landholding scales”. It examines the implications of human-induced land degradation for agricultural production, producers of all scales and vulnerable populations. The report presents new findings on how cropland degradation contributes to the yield gap worldwide against a backdrop of broader degradation processes on other land cover types and even land abandonment. Drawing on the latest data on global farm distribution, farm sizes and crop production, the report highlights how the scale at which land is managed shapes both the constraints and the opportunities for adopting sustainable land use and management practices. It also underscores the importance of policymaking that encompasses regulatory and incentive-based measures, tailored to the varied conditions and scales of land use, to avoid, reduce and reverse land degradation. -
Book (series)The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024
Blue Transformation in action
2024The 2024 edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture features the Blue Transformation in action, illustrated by activities and initiatives, led by FAO in collaboration with Members, partners and key stakeholders, to integrate aquatic foods into global food security and sustainability, enhance policy advocacy, scientific research and capacity building, disseminate sustainable practices and technological innovations, and support community involvement. Part 1 of this edition of The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture benefits from significant improvements in data collection, analytical and assessment tools and methodologies to present the most up-to-date review of world fisheries and aquaculture production and utilization. Part 2 highlights the role of FAO and its partners to catalyse the transformational changes required to support aquaculture expansion and intensification, effective management of global fisheries and upgrading of aquatic value chains. Part 3 covers the high-impact challenges and opportunities of the untapped potential of utilizing whole fish and by-products to improve food security and nutrition, expounds on the role of aquatic food systems in providing critical climate, biodiversity and environmentally sound solutions, and highlights the importance of their integration into national and multilateral processes. It also presents an outlook on future trends up to 2032 based on projections. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2024 provides the most up-to-date and evidence-based information, supporting policy, scientific and technical insights on challenges, opportunities and innovations shaping the present and future of the sector, for the benefit of a wide and expanding audience of policymakers, managers, scientists, fishers, farmers, traders, civil society activists and consumers. -
Book (stand-alone)Global Forest Resources Assessment 2025 2025FAO completed its first assessment of the world’s forest resources in 1948. Since then, the Global Forest Resources Assessment (FRA) has evolved into a comprehensive evaluation of forest resources and their condition, management and uses, covering all the thematic elements of sustainable forest management. This, the latest of these assessments, examines the status of, and trends in, forest resources over the period 1990–2025, drawing on the efforts of hundreds of experts worldwide. The results of FRA 2025 are available in several formats, including this report, an interactive story on key findings and an online database at https://fra-data.fao.org.
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BookletMountain demographics and trends
Monitoring changes in the global mountain population: new insights and data
2025Also available in:
No results found.This technical brief provides an updated global assessment of mountain population trends from 2000 to 2030, using the UNEP–WCMC mountain classification. The global mountain population is projected to reach 1.19 billion by 2030, with Africa showing the fastest growth and urban areas driving the most significant increases. These dynamics call for inclusive territorial planning, investment in climate-resilient infrastructure and stronger data systems to advance sustainable mountain development and support the Five Years of Action for the Development of Mountain Regions (2023–2027). -
BookletDemocratic Republic of the Congo: DIEM-Monitoring emergency agriculture support brief
Round 10, July 2025
2025Also available in:
This emergency agriculture support brief presents the results of the tenth round of Data in Emergencies Monitoring (DIEM-Monitoring), conducted in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in June and July 2025. It provides humanitarian actors with an in-depth analysis focused on agricultural households to target interventions aimed at supporting livelihoods and strengthening resilience to future shocks, protecting the food security of rural populations. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations established DIEM-Monitoring in June 2020. Data are collected several times a year across food insecure countries by DIEM enumerators through computer-assisted telephone interviews and face-to-face surveys. These data cover shocks, agricultural livelihoods, food security and household needs, and are regularly updated and easily accessible on the DIEM Hub. DIEM products consist of dashboards, maps, briefs and aggregated data, enabling partners and stakeholders to activate mitigation measures and target vulnerable households. -
Book (stand-alone)Advancing clean cooking for climate action
Pathways to higher tier solutions and scaled investment
2025Also available in:
No results found.The information in this report strengthens clean cooking references in national policies and NDC's for climate action. It underscores the urgent need to integrate clean cooking solutions into climate and development strategies, particularly as countries prepare enhanced nationally determined contributions (NDCs) ahead of COP30. It aims to reposition clean cooking as a strategic priority, not only for household energy access but as a key driver of climate mitigation, public health, gender equality, and sustainable development. -
Book (series)Food Outlook – Biannual report on global food markets 2025
Also available in:
No results found.Agricultural markets remain highly sensitive to a variety of external shocks, including weather fluctuations and policy developments, and merit regular monitoring. According to the latest FAO assessments, global food commodity production has broadly increased, supported by strong consumption growth and a recovery in inventories. However, the trade outlook continues to be clouded by an evolving global trade environment and persistent policy uncertainties. Beyond the core market assessments for major food commodities, each edition includes special feature articles and key market indicators. The November 2025 edition provides an update on the fertilizer market and recent developments in olive oil markets. The overview of market indicators summarizes trends in futures markets, ocean freight rates, the global food import bill, and food price indices. -
Policy briefPathways towards a just transition in agrifood systems
Policy Brief
2025Also available in:
No results found.Despite their critical role in climate action, agrifood systems have not been integrated into just transition policy debates under the UNFCCC, and are rarely included in national just transition plans. But these gaps could be overcome at COP30 if Parties recognise the critical importance of resilient, inclusive agrifood systems transformation for achieving a just transition in their deliberations. This policy brief makes the case for placing agrifood systems transformation at the heart of just transition debates and policy making. It proposes an evidence-based framework for pursuing a just transition in agrifood systems that is aligned with the change pathways of the Paris Agreement 2 that can guide national policy making and offers key policy recommendations for Parties and observers at COP30.