· Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop of the West Africa Animal Traction Network, Kano, Nigeria, 9-13 July 1990
· Actes du Quatrième atelier régional du Réseau ouest-africain sur la traction animale, organisé à Kano (Nigéria) du 9 au 13 juillet, 1990
Editors/Publiés sous la direction de:
P.R. Lawrence, K. Lawrence and J.T. Dijkman and P.H. Starkey
West Africa Animal Traction Network
and
International Livestock Centre for Africa
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Correct citation of this publication
Lawrence, P.R, Lawrence, K Dijkman, J.T. and Starkey, P. H. (eds).1993. Research for development of animal traction in West Africa. Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop of the West Africa Animal Traction Network held in Kano, Nigeria, 9-13 July 1990. Published on behalf of the West Africa Animal Traction Network by the International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. 306 pp.
Desktop publishing
Camera-ready copy prepared by Hakeem Ajijola (Digital Information Systems Company Ltd, 26 Waff Road, Box 10445, Kaduna, Nigeria), Kate Lawrence and Peter Lawrence
Printed and published by
The International Livestock Centre for Africa (ILCA), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
ISBN 92-9053-276-9
This electronic document has been scanned using optical character recognition (OCR) software and careful manual recorrection. Even if the quality of digitalisation is high, the FAO declines all responsibility for any discrepancies that may exist between the present document and its original printed version.
Cette version numérique du document a été scannérisé en utilisant des logiciels de reconnaissance optique de texte (OCR) et en vérifiant manuellement et attentivement le texte. Bien que la digitalisation soit de haute qualité, la FAO décline toute responsabilité pour les éventuelles différences pouvant apparaître dans ce document par rapport à la version imprimée originale.
Présentation et programme d'activités du réseau ouest-africain de traction animale
Résumé
Présentation du ROATA
Activités du réseau de Juillet 1988 à Avril 1990
Abstract
Research for the control of draught animal diseases in West Africa: needs, experiences and methods
Abstract
Introduction
Research needs
Experiences
Methods
Research priorities
Résumé
ReferencesConsidérations sur le suivi sanitaire des animaux de trait en Afrique de l'Ouest
Résumé
Introduction
Résultats
Perspectives pour le suivi sanitaire
Conclusion
Abstract
Résumé
Introduction
Actions du PROPTA
Résultats
Perspectives
Conclusion
Abstract
Résumé
Introduction
Situation sanitaire
Santé et choix des animaux de trait
Rôle de l'exploitant dans le suivi sanitaire
Conclusion
Abstract
ReferenceThe importance of traditional veterinary medicine (TVM) in animal health programmes
Section 3. Diversified uses of animal traction
Research on diversified uses of work animals: needs, experiences and methods
Abstract
Introduction
Applications and constraints
Potential applications
Potential constraints
Animal engine techniques
Trade-offs
Review of recent research
Résumé
References
Abstract
Objectives
The animal-powered rice-huller
Installation
Results
Conclusion and discussion
Acknowledgements
Résumé
ReferencesConstraints to the diversification of the use of animal-drawn implements in the Gambia
Abstract
Background
Major constraints on increased rice production
The need for technology transfer
Strategies for technology transfer
Conclusion
RésuméExpérimentations récentes sur la mécanisation de la culture du mil à Cinzana
Introduction
Site d'expérimentation
Matériels et méthode
Résultats et discussion
Conclusion et perspectives
Remerciements
Abstract
Résumé
Introduction
Matériel et méthodes
Résultats
Les types de travaux réalisés à la traction animale
Conclusion
Abstract
RéférencesWeed control systems in maize based on animal drawn cultivators
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and methods
Results and discussion
Conclusions
Résumé
References
Résumé
Introduction
Démarche adoptée par la recherche
Résultats
Conclusions et perspectives
Abstract
Références
Section 4. Harnessing and Implements
Les équipements de culture attelée: bilan et perspectives pour l'an 2,000
Résumé
Introduction
Résultats de la recherche
Opération culturales mécanisées
Equipements spécifiques
Perspectives et axes de recherche
Conclusions
Abstract
RéférencesMachines de récolte à traction animale pour agriculteurs raisonnables
Research on the mechanization of weeding with animal-drawn implements
Abstract
Introduction
Methods and materials
Results
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
Résumé
ReferencesUse of animal-drawn implements & equipment by small scale farmers in Bauchi State, Nigeria
Abstract
Introduction
Strategies for Development
Animal-Drawn Agricultural Implements and Equipment
Agricultural Implements
Waterlifts for Irrigation
Transportation
Constraints to the Use of Animal Drawn Implements
RésuméSoil tillage research development quantifying tillage effects, an important training module.
Abstract
Introduction
Training to Observe
Some Devices for Characterising the Effects of Soil Tillage.
Response of Course Participants
Résumé
References.
Abstract
Introduction
Requirements for implement selection
Types of Implements
Résumé
References
Abstract
Introduction
Household Travel Characteristics with Focus on the Rural Community
Potential of Animal Power for Transportation
Development in Animal Drawn Transport Devices
Criteria for Successful Expansion of Animal-Drawn Transport
Conclusion
Résumé
References
Abstract
Introduction
Description of animal traction in Niger
Research activities
Results so Far
Restrictions
Future
Résumé
References
The management and husbandry of male and female draught animals: research achievements and needs
Abstract
Introduction
Choice between oxen and cows for work
Effects of work on physiology and metabolism
The effect of work on the health of draught animals
The effect of work on food intake
The effect of work on digestion
The effect of work on bodyweight change
The effect of work on the productivity of draught cows
The Husbandry of Draught Animals
Seasonal use of draught animals
Duration of work
Housing
Health care of draught animals
Feeding draught animals
Sustainable systems
Future research needs
Résumé
ReferencesManagement of work oxen in Sierra Leone and its implication for research
Abstract
Introduction
Intensification and diversified use of work oxen in Sierra Leone
Management of work oxen in Sierra Leone
Preparation of work oxen
Training of work oxen
Maintenance of oxen after training at farm level
Constraints
Research implications and needs
Conclusion
Résumé
Abstract
Introduction
Methodology
Results and Discussion
Conclusions and recommendations
Résumé
ReferencesAn extension delivery system for animal traction technology in developing countries
Test de conditionnement des boeufs de labour en zone OHV du Mali
Résumé
Introduction
Méthodes et matériels
Résultats et discussion
Conclusion
Abstract
RéférencesEfforts de suivi et d'entretien des bovins de trait dans le département de l'Atacora, Bénin
Résumé
Introduction
Approvisionnement des animaux de trait
Alimentation et suivi zootechniques
Conclusion
Abstract
Résumé
Aperçu historique
La stabulation fumière
Conclusion
Abstract
Référence
Research on the nutrition of working animals: needs, experiences and methods
Abstract
Introduction
Energy and nutrient needs for work
Nutritional constraints on work output and how these constraints might be overcome
Improving the quality of West African feedingstuffs to increase intake
Conclusions
Résumé
References
Résumé
Introduction
Matériels et méthodes
Résultats
Discussion
Abstract
RéférencesLa paille de riz dans l'alimentation des boeufs de labour à l'office du Niger
Résumé
Introduction
Importance de la Paille de Riz à l'Office du Niger
Résultats
Conclusion
Abstract
Références
Section 7. Research methodology
Abstract
Introduction
Experimentation in general
Controls
Animals as Their Own Controls
Adaptation of Animals - Training and Fitness
Transfer of inappropriate methodology
Complex data collecting systems
Pitfalls to watch for in field experiments
Conclusions
Acknowledgements
Résumé
References
Abstract
Introduction
Research Programmes
Conclusion
Résumé
ReferencesRecherches aux effets de poids vif et embonpoint des boeufs de labour sur la capacité de travail
Résumé
Introduction
Méthodologie
Traitements
Résultats
Abstract
Références
Section 8. Socio-economic aspects
Socio-economic issues in animal traction research and development in Nigeria
Abstract
Background
Expected farm-level impacts of animal traction
Labour and cost savings
Increase in output.
Higher monetary returns
Socio-economic issues
The cultural environment
Farm size structures
Cropping patterns
Institutional support
Economic viability of animal traction
Conclusion and recommendations
Résumé
ReferencesEconomic analysis of cow traction farm technology in the Ethiopian Highlands
Abstract
Introduction
Linear programming model
Constraints
Activities.
Results and discussion
Changes in Model I
Changes in Model II
Conclusions
Résumé
References
Abstract
Introduction
Overview of ownership and utilisation of draught animals
Costs of owning and utilising draught animals and implements
Special constraints of FHH in the use of animal traction
Recommendations for research and governmental policies for the development of animal traction to meet the special needs of FHH
Résumé
References
Résumé
Introduction
Moyens mis en oeuvre
Résultats
Impact de la TA dans les exploitations agricoles
Conclusion
Abstract
Section 9. Technology transfer
Le transfert de technologie: quelques enseignements basés sur l'expérience Mali-Sud
Résumé
Recherche adaptative sur le transfert de technologie
Groupes cibles
Conditions économiques et techniques
Conditions techniques
Méthodes de transfert
Conclusion
Abstract
RéférencesAppropriate animal traction technology for rural women in Nigeria
Promoting the adoption of animal traction technology in Nigeria: some relevant issues
Abstract
Introduction
The problem
Present state of draught animal adoption in Nigeria
Problems likely to hinder the adoption and sustenance traction in Nigeria
Rising cost of acquisition and maintenance of animal traction
Suggested strategies for promoting the adoption of animal traction technology in Nigeria
Conclusion
Résumé
References
Résumé
Présentation du bassin du fleuve Sénégal
Présentation du projet
Abstract
Résumé
Introduction
Approche
Contraintes identifiées
Proposition d'une solution: conditionnement des boeufs de trait
Dispositif
Résultat et discussions
Conclusion
Abstract
Section 10. Regional and miscellaneous
Research on cow traction in Africa: some lessons to be learnt
Abstract
Introduction
ILCA's research experience
Effect of draught on cows in Asia
Reasons for cow traction development
Summary and conclusion
Résumé
ReferencesResearch and development of draught animal power utilisation in West Africa
Abstract
Introduction
Views for and against research and development of animal draught power utilisation
Right approach to the promotion of animal power utilisation through research and development
Consideration of crop and cropping system
Management consideration of draught animals
The place of animal draught power in West Africa - Now and in the future
Conclusion
RésuméThe extent of draught cow use in the North Bank Division of the Gambia
Abstract
Introduction
Materials and methods
Results and discussion
Acknowledgements
Résumé
ReferencesProspects of animal traction in southern Nigeria, an empirical study
Abstract
Introduction
Methodology
Results
Conclusions
Résumé
References
Abstract
Introduction
Animal traction
Animal transport
Animal draught research in Ghana
National centres for animal traction development
Conclusion
Résumé
References
Section 11. Workshop synthesis and recommendations for future research
Workshop synthesis and recommendations for future research
Workshop synthesis
Synthèse de l'atelier et recommandations
Synthèse de l'Atelier
The Oxylog for oxen
A comparison of local and jersey crossbred draught oxen in the hills of East Nepal
Participants
Abbreviations and acronyms: abréviations et sigles