SMALL-SCALE AQUACULTURE OPERATIONS IN THE ASEAN COUNTRIES by Medina N. Delmendo and B. H. Delmendo ASEAN/UNDP/FAO Regional Small-Scale Coastal Fisheries Development Project Manila, Philippines 1987 TABLE OF CONTENTS

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1.   INTRODUCTION

2.   FRESHWATER AND BRACKISHWATER POND CULTURE

2.1   Milkfish culture in brackishwater ponds

2.2   Polyculture in stagnant freshwater pond in Gunung, Jaya, Sukabumi, Indonesia

3.   PEN AND CAGE CULTURE

3.1   Cage culture of tilapia in Laguna de Bay

3.2   Cage culture of marble goby in Nakhon Sawan, Thailand

3.3   Cage culture of Pangasius in Uthai Thani, Thailand

3.4   Cage culture of seabass in Songkhla, Thailand

3.5   Cage culture of grouper in Phang Nga Bay, Thailand

3.6   Pen culture of milkfish in Laguna de Bay

4.   INTEGRATED FISH-CUM-LIVESTOCK FARMING

5.   RICE-CUM-FISH CULTURE

6.   MUSSEL CULTURE

6.1   Mussel culture in Johore Bahru, Malaysia

6.2   Mussel culture in Banten Bay, Serang, Indonesia

6.3   Cockle culture in Kuala Juru, Penang, Malaysia

6.4   Mollusc culture in the Philippines

7.   CRUSTACEAN CULTURE

8.   SEAWEEDS CULTURE

8.1   Seaweed culture in Kuta Bualu, Bali, Indonesia

8.2   Seaweed farming in the Philippines

9.   RUNNING WATER FISH CULTURE

9.1   Carp culture in free-flowing ponds, Sukabumi, Indonesia

10. OBSERVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

11. REFERENCES

List of Tables

Table 1 - Increase in area and total and unit production of Philippines Philippines and Indonesian brackishwater ponds (1940–1985)

2 - Yield and profitability per hectare of milkfish culture by farming practice, Philippines (1978–1979)

3 - Costs and returns per ha per year of milkfish and shrimp culture in the Philippines

4 - Summary of fish production in cages

5 - Summary of tilapia cage culture production levels in the Philippines

6 - Recent survey data on production of cage culture in Laguna de Bay

7 - Total fishery production of Laguna de Bay (in metric tons)

8 - Capital costs of pig-fish farming

9 - Costs and income from agriculture-aquaculture farming operations

10 - Costs and earnings of oyster and mussel farming

11 - Estimated output of post-larval Macrobrachium rosenbergii from hatcheries in Thailand, 1980

List of Figures

Figure 1 - Set-up of small-scale spawning/hatching/nursery tank for marine shrimp

2&3 - Typical small-scale Macrobrachium hatchery

4 - Layout of the free-flowing pond on Gunung Jaya, Sukabumi