FOPW/97/2 THE ROLE OF WOOD ENERGY written by Prof. Thierry Lefevre under the supervision and coordination of Miguel A. Trossero
November 1997 |
FOPW/97/2 THE ROLE OF WOOD ENERGY written by Prof. Thierry Lefevre under the supervision and coordination of Miguel A. Trossero
November 1997 |
1.1 Background
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Description of the presentation of the database
2.3 Description of the various databases
2.4 Comparison of the various databases
2.5 Best estimate for wood energy use
CHAPTER 3: ANALYSIS OF THE PAST AND PRESENT ROLE OF WOOD ENERGY IN ASIA
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Socio-economic background
3.3 Energy indicators
3.4 Consumption of wood energy
3.5 Wood energy consumption in households
3.6 Wood energy consumption in rural industries and commercial/public applications
3.7 Evolution of Wood Energy Consumption
3.8 Rural and Urban Wood Energy Consumption
3.9 Woodfuel Flow
3.10 Woodfuel Supply
CHAPTER 4: ANALYSIS OF THE FUTURE ROLE OF WOOD ENERGY
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Macro factors affecting wood energy consumption
4.3 Micro factors affecting wood energy consumption
4.4 Wood energy outlook
CHAPTER 5: IMPLICATIONS FOR THE FORESTRY SECTOR, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Fuelwood supply from forests
5.3 Implications of the scenarios
5.4 Impact of rural and urban fuelwood consumption
5.5 Enhancing the sustainability of woodfuel supply
5.5 Conclusions and recommendations
Appendix 1: Overview of databases in similar format
Appendix 2: Projected fuelwood consumption
Table 2.1: Heat Value of Fuelwood
Table 2.2: Main Sources of Wood Energy in CEERD/AIT Database
Table 2.3: Total Amount of Wood Energy in Databases per South Asian Countries in 1994
Table 2.4: Total Amount of Wood Energy in Databases per Southeast Asian Countries in 1994
Table 2.5: Total Amount of Wood Energy in Databases for China in 1994
Table 3.1: Land Area and Population Data
Table 3.2: Urban Population
Table 3.3: Real GDP Growth and Sectoral Contributions
Table 3.4: Energy Indicators
Table 3.5: Pakistan Household Energy Consumption by Fuel and by Area
Table 3.6: Estimated Household Fuel Consumption, 1989, Philippines
Table 3.7: Percent of Households Using Each Fuel, Philippines
Table 3.8: Summary Wood Energy Information from Energy Balance Tables
Table 3.9: End-use Energy Consumption by Income Categories, India
Table 3.10: Share of Each Fuel for Different End-use in Urban Households, India
Table 3.11: Share of End-use in Urban Households Fuel Consumption, India
Table 3.12: Biomass Consumption by End-use, Nepal (1992/93)
Table 3.13: Household Energy Consumption by Income Level, Thailand (1986)
Table 3.14: Estimated Consumption of Biomass Fuels in Industry, 1981 and 1990, in Bangladesh
Table 3.15: Non-household Biomass Energy Consumption, Vietnam
Table 3.16: Energy Consumption by End-use in Rural Areas, Bangladesh
Table 3.17: Rural Household Energy Consumption, China
Table 3.18: Evolution of Fuelwood Consumption in Selected Asian Countries
Table 3.19: Share of Fuels in Urban and Rural Household Energy by Income, India
Table 3.20: Sources of Firewood for Urban and Rural Households by Income Class, Pakistan
Table 3.21: Extent of Agricultural and Forest Lands in the RWEDP Member Countries
Table 3.22: Sources of Collected Firewood, Pakistan
Table 4.1: Growth in Retail Prices of Firewood in Major Cities of Pakistan
Table 4.2: Cost of Cooking Fuel Use in Urban Areas, Philippines, 1990
Table 4.3: Efficiency of Various Cooking Equipment
Table 4.4: Ownership of Cooking Stoves by Households in Thailand, 1986
Table 4.5: Basic Assumptions for the Three Scenarios
Table 4.6: Projected Total Energy Consumption
Table 4.7: Adjusted Fuelwood Consumption Growth Rates in the BAU Scenario
Table 4.8: Differences between Fuelwood Consumption Projections
Table 5.1: Projected Fuelwood Supply vs. Projected Fuelwood Consumption (BAU Scenario)
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 3.1: GNP per Capita
Figure 3.2: Income Distribution, 1994
Figure 3.3: Rural Household Energy Consumption in India
Figure 3.4: Percent of Households Using Each Fuel, India
Figure 3.5: Fuelwood Purchased and Collected in Rural and Urban Areas, Philippines
Figure 3.6: Percentage of Households Obtaining Fuels from Different Sources by Income Class, Sri Lanka
Figure 3.7: Percentage of Households Using Different Types of Laborers for Collecting Fuel, Bangladesh
Figure 4.1: Wood Energy Consumption vs.Economic Growth
Figure 4.2: Extent of Forest and Agrocultural Lands
Figure 4.3: Share of Households in Total Fuel Consumption
Figure 4.4: Proportion of Fuelwood Supply Going to Households
Figure 4.5: Income Share of Top 20% of Households
Figure 4.6: Population Growth, 1975-1994
Figure 4.7: Growth in Per Capita Energy Consumption
Figure 4.8: Urban vs. Total Population Growth, 1989-1994
Figure 4.9: Rate of Urbanization
Figure 4.10: Projected Population Growth, 1993-2010
Figure 4.11: Energy Intensity
Figure 4.12: Share of Fuel in Household Energy Consumption, India
Figure 4.13: Share of Cooking End-use Energy Consumption, India
Figure 4.14: Effective Cost of Household Fuels, Pakistan, 1991
Figure 4.15: Share of Fuelwood in Total Energy Consumption, 1980-1994
Figure 4.16: Projected Fuelwood Consumption in the Three Scenarios, Total Asia
Figure 4.17: Projected Fuelwood Consumption in the Three Scenarios, South Asia
Figure 4.18: Projected Fuelwood Consumption in the Three Scenarios, Southeast Asia
Figure 4.19: Projected Fuelwood Consumption in the Three Scenarios, China
Figure 4.20: Projected Fuelwood Consumption, Total Asia
Figure 4.21: Projected Fuelwood Consumption, South Asia
Figure 4.22: Projected Fuelwood Consumption, Southeast Asia
Figure 4.23: Projected Fuelwood Consumption, China
Figure 4.24: Projected Traditional Energy Consumption, Total Asia
Figure 4.25: Projected Traditional Energy Consumption, South Asia
Figure 4.26: Projected Traditional Energy Consumption, Southeast Asia
Figure 4.27: Projected Traditional Energy Consumption, China
Figure 5.1: Forest and other Wooded Lands as Percent of Total Land Area
Figure 5.2: Fuelwood Consumption as Percentage of Total Forest Removals, Total Asia
Figure 5.3: Fuelwood Consumption as Percentage of Total Forest Removals, South Asia
Figure 5.4: Fuelwood Consumption as Percentage of Total Forest Removals, Southeast Asia
Figure 5.5: Annual Deforestation, 1981-1990
