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Book (series)Introductions and movement of two penaeid shrimp species in Asia and the Pacific 2005Both Penaeus vannamei1 and P. stylirostris are introduced species in Asia and the Pacific. They have now become important commercial shrimp species in many countries in Asia. The main reason behind the importation of P. vannamei to Asia has been the perceived poor performance, slow growth rate and disease susceptibility of the major indigenous cultured shrimp species, P. chinensis in China and P. monodon virtually everywhere else. However, for many reasons, particularly with the evidence of the introduction of exotic viruses to the region, there has been caution on the part of many Asian governments for the introduction of P. vannamei and P. stylirostris. Nevertheless, this caution has not been demonstrated by the private sector, which has been bringing stocks of illegal and often disease carrying P. vannamei into Asia from many locations, as well as moving infected stocks within Asia. The commercial success of these introductions, despite disease problems, has allowed the development of substantial culture industries for these alien penaeids within Asia, particularly in China and Thailand. One effect of this is that it is rapidly becoming difficult to control the importation and development of this new industry. This report attempts to gather all of the currently available data on the extent of P. vannamei and P. stylirostris importation and culture in Asia, its potential problems and benefits, and in this way to serve as a source document from which to investigate further m eans by which control over this issue might be re-established. Recommendations aimed at controlling the importation, testing and culture of these species have been made for all levels and are included in this report.
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Book (series)FAO species catalogue. Vol. 1 Shrimps and prawns of the world. An annotated catalogue of species of interest to fisheries 1980
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No results found.The present publication is intended to provide as complete an enumeration as possible species of Decapoda Natantia (shrimps and prawns) that are of interest to fisheries. It actually is the third edition of a list, the first draft of which was prepared by Mr. H. Rosa, Jr. and circulated in April 1964 as part of the paper "Note on the FAO Scientific Meeting on the Biology of Shrimps and Prawns with a preliminary List of their Species of Economic Value and Information on their Distribution" which formed FAO Fish.Circ., (14). The second draft was published in 1965 by L.B. Holthuis and H. Rosa, Jr. under the title "List of Species of Shrimps and Prawns of Economic Value" as FAO Fish.Tech.Pap., (52). During the 1967 FAO World Scientific Conference on the Biology of Shrimps and Prawns held in Mexico City, the present author was charged with the revision and expansion of this list. The present publication is now presented in fulfillment of that request. The actual catalogue in its present f orm was-completed by the author in 1978. The editorial work as well as the preparation of the additional section "List of Species by Major Marine Fishing Areas" and the indices of Latin and vernacular species names were carried out in the Fishery Resources and Environment Division of FAO, under the supervision of W. Fischer. -
Book (series)Shrimp acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease strategy manual 2020
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No results found.The contents of this Shrimp acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease strategy manual provides information and guidance relevant to the development of policies to respond to outbreaks of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in farmed marine shrimp. The etiologic agents for AHPND are virulent strains of bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio parahaemolyticus and related species, which harbor specific toxin genes. While these bacterial species are part of the normal microflora of the marine environment, they may cause substantial mortalities in whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) and giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) cultured in countries in Asia and the Americas. These strains of these Vibrio bacteria secrete a PirABvp binary toxin resulting in sloughing of tubule epithelial cells and dysfunctions of the hepatopancreas in the acute form; mortality can reach 100 percent in affected ponds. Chronic presentation of this disease involves secondary bacterial infection of hepatopancreas and running mortality over the culture cycle. Acute or chronic presentation would greatly depend on the culture conditions. This disease can be considered a toxicosis rather than an infection. Economic losses due to this disease have amounted to over USD 7 billion annually. Further outbreaks of AHPND, particularly in areas that are currently free of the disease, would be expected to experience similar devastating effects on local shrimp producers and the surrounding communities; and thus, there is an urgent need to develop a contingency plan to control and eradicate this disease. This manual includes information on: 1) the nature of AHPND: a brief review of current knowledge in disease etiology, susceptible species and global distribution; 2) diagnosis of disease: a description of gross clinical signs and laboratory methods; 3) prevention and treatment: farm management, the use and development of antibiotics, bacteriophages, probiotics, disease-tolerant shrimp, shrimp immunity and vaccination; 4) epidemiology: AHPND’s geographic distribution, genotype, persistence in the environment, reservoir hosts, modes of transmission, risk factors, and economic impacts; 5) principles of control and eradication: methods for containment, mitigation and eradication of AHPND, and trade and industry considerations; and 6) policy development and implementation: AHPND-specific objectives, options and strategies for eradication and control, education, capacity building, funding, and compensation.
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