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Water recycling and reuse: circular water economy and food safety considerations












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    Technical report
    Food safety in a circular economy 2024
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    Agrifood systems require sustained growth to maintain food security for the global population, while facing unprecedented pressure from challenges of climate change and resource depletion. In this context, evaluating, holistically planning and transitioning to circularity will be critical to improve sustainability and face those challenges. While circular economy initiatives offer considerable promise in improving sustainability and increasing performance, these benefits are juxtaposed by the increasing evidence that contaminants, physical, microbiological or chemical, can get introduced, persist and potentially lead to unsafe food. Therefore, protecting food safety is key for the success of transitioning our current linear agrifood system to a more sustainable and circular one. This report provides a synthesis of current and emerging evidence of food safety risks in circular agrifood initiatives, with an aim to understand challenges and opportunities to manage and enhance food safety. Food safety has to be an equal performance indicator for any transition, requiring addressing data gaps, focusing research efforts and exploring opportunities for improving food safety outcomes. All parties in the agrifood system need to proactively do their part to ensure agrifood systems develop, by harnessing the innovation in this area, and at the same time produce safe food.
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    Ensuring food safety in a circular economy: Four key areas 2024
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    Introducing circular processes and policies is one route to agrifood systems transformation, a key accelerator to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. A circular economy represents a major departure from the current linear production system and from many assumptions underlying existing food safety approaches. While circular solutions offer promising sustainability benefits, they also introduce certain food safety concerns, such as the risk of contaminants, antimicrobial resistance and physical hazards. This brief provides an overview of the food safety considerations across four key areas in the transformation to a circular agrifood system – water scarcity, food loss and waste, food packaging waste, and land use efficiency. It is one of five briefs accompanying the FAO publication, Food Safety in a Circular Economy.
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    Food safety in a circular economy
    Summary report of the FAO side event at the 47th Session of the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC47)
    2024
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    This document summarizes proceedings of the FAO Side event at the 47th Session of the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC47) as a follow-up to the recent FAO publication "Food safety in a circular economy". The aim was to stimulate discussion on the food safety aspects that need to be considered and addressed when implementing circular practices in agrifood production. The webinar was part of the activities under the FAO Food Safety Foresight Programme.

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    Emissions due to agriculture
    Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
    2021
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    The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.
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    The future of food and agriculture - Trends and challenges 2017
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    What will be needed to realize the vision of a world free from hunger and malnutrition? After shedding light on the nature of the challenges that agriculture and food systems are facing now and throughout the 21st century, the study provides insights into what is at stake and what needs to be done. “Business as usual” is not an option. Major transformations in agricultural systems, rural economies, and natural resources management are necessary. The present study was undertaken for the quadrennial review of FAO’s strategic framework and for the preparation of the Organization Medium-Term plan 2018-2021.
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    FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022
    The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.