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Africa and the Carbon Cycle

Proceedings of the Open Science Conference on “Africa and Carbon Cycle: the CarboAfrica projectâ€Â







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    Sustainable tree improvement scheme leading to economical carbon cycling in teak
    XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
    2022
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    The sustainability and efficiency of timber plantations need to be enhanced to meet the global demand for industrial roundwood which is forecasted to increase by 60% by 2030. Tectona grandis (teak) is one of the premier timber species with a lot of promise for short rotation. We demonstrate a potential pipeline to establish a smart plantation for teak using genetically improved propagules, tissue culture, and seed orchards. The primary step in establishing a smart plantation is the production of quality propagules after evaluating the genetic make-up of the parent trees. With the availability of whole-genome sequence and genetic marker information in teak, long-term genetic gain of propagules can be attained through the best use of genetic variance. This objective can be achieved by following an optimal mating scheme such as genomic mating, and selection based on the breeding value of individuals as well as that of groups. Through genomic selection and mating, favorable alleles can be retained in the population to maximize genetic merit and sustain it for multiple generations. This pipeline is also expected to save a lot of time in years while facilitating the establishment of elite plants in the plantation. Through tissue culture, the only route to commercialize teak clones, the genetically improved clones can be distributed for plantation establishment. Multi-trait improvement with the aim of producing trees with more volume, short-rotation, and tolerance to pests and pathogens are considered for genomic selection and mating. With appropriate silvicultural management, the smart plantations established can facilitate carbon cycling in a better and sustainable way. Keywords: Genetic resources, Innovation, Sustainable forest management, Research ID: 3614687
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    Soils help to combat and adapt to climate change by playing a key role in the carbon cycle 2015
    Healthy soils provide the largest store of terrestrial carbon. When managed sustainably, soils can play an important role in climate change mitigation by storing carbon (carbon sequestration) and decreasing greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. Conversely, if soils are managed poorly or cultivated through unsustainable agricultural practices, soil carbon can be released into the atmosphere in the form of carbon dioxide (CO2), which can contribute to climate change. The steady conversion of grassland and forestland to cropland and grazing lands over the past several centuries has resulted in historic losses of soil carbon worldwide. However, by restoring degraded soils and adopting soil conservation practices, there is major potential to decrease the emission of greenhouse gases from agriculture, enhance carbon sequestration and build resilience to climate change.
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