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The WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies: FAO’s support to Members in its implementation













FAO. 2025. The WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies: FAO’s support to Members in its implementation. Trade policy briefs, No. 60. Rome.



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    The WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies, adopted at the 12th WTO Ministerial Conference (MC12) in June 2002, is the first WTO agreement to focus on the environment and the first legally binding multilateral agreement on marine sustainability. It regulates the provision of fisheries subsidies and recognizes that certain types of subsidies can have a negative impact on the sustainability of marine natural resources. Fisheries management is essential to ensure effective compliance with the rules set out in the WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies, in particular the prohibition of subsidies to fisheries related to overfished stocks and illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing. Critical to the sustainability of the sector and compliance with the WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies is the national capacity to collect, manage and process data and information to assess and report on the status of fisheries and fish stocks. The combination of existing international instruments can be crucial to effectively address the problems of IUU fishing, given the complexity of global value chains. For the management and sustainability of stocks in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction (ABNJ), coordination between countries through various arrangements, such as Regional Fisheries Bodies (RFBs), is essential. This policy brief briefly discusses the importance of the WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies and its three pillars, looks at the link between fisheries management and stock monitoring, and presents the role of FAO in relation to overfished stocks, illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, and unregulated fishing in ABNJ.
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    The Regional Workshop on the Effects of Globalization and Deregulation on Marine Capture Fisheries in Asia and the Pacific was hosted by the Korea Maritime Institute (KMI) and organized by the Fishery Industries Division of FAO in cooperation with the Asia Pacific Rural and Agricultural Credit Association (APRACA). The findings and recommendations of the Workshop suggest that many countries in Asia and the Pacific benefited and expect to continue to benefit from globalization and deregulation. These benefits include improved quality and better access of their fishery products to markets in other countries within and outside of Asia and the Pacific, increased export earnings, better exchange of technology, increased productivity and efficiency and better supply of fishery products for local populations through liberalization of imports of fishery products. Negative effects of globalization and deregulation identified in the Workshop included increased competition for the small-scale do mestic fisheries sector mainly through import of low priced fish products. It was felt that special measures are needed to protect and strengthen this sector. These included technical assistance, training and investment support as well as possibly fiscal measures and economic incentives.
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