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Bio-engineering practices to control erosion of river embankments in Nepal








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    Water conservation ponds in Nepal 2011
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    In Nepal, increasingly irregular rainfall patterns have been affecting the livelihoods of Nepalese farmers. Households face water shortages during the pre-monsoon season, between March and May, as well as during post-monsoon and winter, between October and February. In this context, it is essential to guarantee water supply throughout the year in order to reduce vulnerability of farmers caused by erratic rainfall patterns. Water conservation ponds prove a strategic adaptation practice, collecting rain water and replenishing groundwater reserves during the monsoon, as well as preventing excessive erosion and surface runoff down landslides slopes. In addition, the availability of water during dry season is key for traditional rural livelihoods, such as livestock and crop cultivation, as well as in the development of new activities, providing habitat for fish-raising. Additional advantages include the stabilization and re-vegetation of gullies, water availability for cultivation of small-scale fodder, vegetables and fruit trees along the boundaries of the pond, irrigation of kitchen gardens during dry periods and manure from dredged silt.
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    Improving farmers' resilience and income diversification in flood and typhoon prone areas through backyard Tilapia farming, Philippines 2013
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    This technology refers to the grow-out tilapias using modified farming practices in the farmer’s backyard as a means to augment farmer’s income and food requirements. It should be noted that tilapia is widely known and accepted food fish not only in land-locked areas, but also in coastal areas. Tilapia is specifically recommended as a candidate species because tilapias are hardy, fast growing and disease resistant species. They are also prolific and able to breed in captivity. They also feed low in food chain. Therefore an appropriate farmed species in flood and typhoon-prone areas in Bicol.
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    Hedgerows/alley cropping to control soil erosion, Jamaica 2008
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    Jamaican small farmers implement hedgerow/alley cropping to mitigate the impacts of hydro-meteorological hazards. The hedgerows/alley cropping system is the growing of crops, usually food crops, in an alley formed by trees or woody shrubs that are cut back at crop planting and maintained as hedgerows by frequent trimming during cropping. Farmers in Jamaica showed high acceptance of this technology because it is easy to implement, low financial cost and effective to compact soil erosion.

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