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DocumentPatula pine (Pinus patula) cones opening under different treatments for rapid seed extraction in Londiani, Kenya
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Seed extraction from pines is challenging to the forestry sector globally. This is usually contributed by the pine cone anatomy that opens through a function of temperature and humidity which varies widely in the pine growing regions of the world and the Pinus species as observed in previous works done on Pinus roxburghii, Pinus halepensis, Pinus wallichiana, Pinus pinaster, Pinus radiata, and Pinus sylvestris. This study sought to reduce the extraction time and improve the extraction efficiency of Pinus patula seed in Kenya. The experimental design used was two factorial design with replicates of twenty cones randomly picked per treatment. Data analysis was analyzed through ANOVA with a Pvalue of 0.05. We present evidence that soaking does not influence the opening of cones and seed yield for the optimum temperature which the study determined to be 65°C. We also present evidence that, for rapid seed extraction, the temperature 65°C with an exposure period of between 4 and 24 h is significantly effective. This study presents a new understanding of rapid seed extraction, which contributes to one of the Kenya Forestry Research Institute’s strategic objectives of generating technologies for enhanced production of superior germplasm for priority tree species. Keyword: Research ID: 3469689 -
DocumentThe early growth performances of Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi seedlings under open-field experimental warming and precipitation manipulation
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.This study aimed to investigate the effects of climate change on the survival and growth performance of Pinus densiflora and Larix kaempferi seedlings using open-field experimental warming and precipitation manipulation. We measured the survival rate, root-collar diameter, and height, and then calculated the seedling quality index (SQI) of 2-year-old seedlings under 6 treatments [2 temperatures (TC: Control; TW: Warming) × 3 precipitation manipulations (PC: Control; PD: Decreased; PI: Increased)] and performed a two-way ANOVA to test for differences. The air temperature of the warming plots was 3°C higher than that of the control plots, while the precipitation manipulation plots received ±40% of the precipitation received by the control plots. Temperature and precipitation treatments did not significantly affect the survival rate of P. densiflora; however, the SQI of P. densiflora decreased with increasing precipitation. In contrast, the mortality rate of L. kaempferi increased with increasing temperature and decreasing precipitation. Furthermore, in L. kaempferi, TC × PI treatment resulted in the lowest SQI with a significant interaction effect observed between the two factors. In summary, low seedling production and quality should be expected in P. densiflora as precipitation increases and in L. kaempferi as temperature increases or precipitation decreases. These results indicate species-specific sensitivities to climate change of two plant species at the nursery stage. With the occurrence of global warming, the frequencies of drought and heavy rainfall events are increased, and this could affect the survival and seedling quality of tree species. Therefore, it is necessary to improve nursery techniques by establishing new adaptation strategies based on species-specific growth performance responses. 1) Keywords: Climate change ID: 3622385 -
ArticleEfficacy of biological control measures on pine needles caterpillar Metanastria latipennis walker in Pinus kesiya royel ex Gordon Plantation in Southern Shan State, Myanmar
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The study was carried out to investigate the efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis sub sp. kurstaki (Btk), bio insecticide Azadirachtin and established natural enemies (Mantids) on Metanastria latipennis in Pinus kesiya Plantation in Southern Shan State of Myanmar. The experiment was conducted in pine plantations established in 2010 in Taung Lay Lone Reserved Forest, Taungyi Township, at about latitude 25˙ 40' N and longitude 96˙ 51' E at an altitude of approximately 1160 m. Research was conducted from May, 2017 to August, 2019. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) was used with four replications. Each block containing the four treatments randomly assigned to test the effect of Btk, Azadirachtin, released the Mantids on pine caterpillar Metanastria latipennis. Sampling was done on a sample plot measuring 20m x 20 m with 20 sample trees. In control measures, (i) 30 ml of Btk per 10 litres of water, (ii) 0.75 % Azadirachtin 112.5 ml per 10 litres of water, (iii) biological control (established the mantids), and (iv) control were tested. In this experiment, Btk and Azadirachtin treatments significantly reduced the level of infestation compared to the control. Biological control by predators was not significantly different with the control. Keywords: Pinus kesiya plantations, caterpillar Metanastria latipennis, Bacillus thuringiensis sub sp. kurstaki, Azadirachtin, Bio control agent (Mantises), Southern Shan State, Myanmar ID: 3486963
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