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Book (series)Technical studyLegal report on the ecosystem approach to fisheries in South Asia
An analysis of common features and good practices in the policy and legal frameworks of Bangladesh, Maldives, Sri Lanka and India
2025Also available in:
No results found.Legislating for an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) is complex, due to the holistic nature of EAF involving multiple factors that underpin the social, economic, environmental, and institutional aspects of fisheries sustainability. These factors include ecosystems integration, risks, inter-sectoral collaboration, research, participatory processes, monitoring, control, surveillance, and enforcement, among others. To assess how the EAF is being implemented through national policy and legal frameworks, FAO – through the Development Law Service (LEGN) of the FAO Legal Office, in collaboration with the Assessment and Management Team (NFIFM) of the FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Division, and the EAF-Nansen programme – developed the EAF Legal Diagnostic Tool, which was applied in 33 countries.In advancing the implementation of the EAF through national policy and legal frameworks, FAO has partnered with BOBP-IGO in developing this first subregional EAF legal report, which covers countries in South Asia. This report revisits the EAF legal reports of Bangladesh, India, Maldives and Sri Lanka to showcase their key common features and good practices of implementing the EAF through these countries’ policy and legal frameworks. This analysis is useful to demonstrate the subregional experience in support of the implementation of the EAF from a policy and legal perspective. The relevant policy references and legal provisions can be used as inspiration for other countries in South Asia and elsewhere, assisting them to review and enhance their policy and legal frameworks for better implementation of the EAF.The overall results of the EAF legal reports show that the assessed instruments of Bangladesh, India, Maldives and Sri Lanka have met a fair number of EAF legal requirements, but there remain gaps to be addressed. For the EAF legal components which were not found in the assessed policy and legal instruments of one or more countries, it is recommended to assess in more detail how the same component was provided in the policy and legal instruments of the other country or countries. This assessment can help understanding how the EAF legal component can be met, potentially supporting policymaking and legal drafting to better address that gap. -
Book (series)Technical reportLegal report on the ecosystem approach to fisheries in Cameroon
An analysis of the ecosystem approach to fisheries in selected national policy and legal instruments of Cameroon
2024Also available in:
No results found.Legislating for the ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) is complex, due to the holistic nature of EAF involving multiple factors that underpin the social, economic, environmental, and institutional aspects of fisheries sustainability. These factors include ecosystems integration, risks, intersectoral collaboration, research, participatory processes, monitoring, control, surveillance, and enforcement, among others. To assess how the EAF is being implemented through national policy and legal frameworks, FAO developed A diagnostic tool for implementing an ecosystem approach to fisheries through national policy and legal frameworks.The present legal report on the EAF used the diagnostic tool to assess the alignment of selected policy and legal instruments of Cameroon with the EAF. This assessment analysed the extent to which 82 EAF legal requirements, which are considered the minimum standards in legislating for the EAF, are reflected in Cameroon's policies and legislation relevant to the fisheries sector of the country and other relevant sectors (such as environment, wildlife, ecosystems, and maritime affairs). Based on this preliminary diagnosis, gaps were identified in the assessed instruments, and recommendations were made for improving the implementation of the EAF.This report was elaborated following a participatory approach with the involvement of the national competent authorities of Cameroon. Drafted in October 2021, the report was revised and further developed in September 2023, and submitted to the national authorities of Cameroon in October 2023. -
Book (series)Technical studyLegal report on the ecosystem approach to fisheries in Ghana
An analysis of the ecosystem approach to fisheries in selected national policy and legal instruments of Ghana
2022Also available in:
No results found.Legislating for an ecosystem approach to fisheries (EAF) is complex, due to the holistic nature of EAF involving multiple factors that underpin the social, economic, environmental, and institutional aspects of fisheries sustainability. These factors include ecosystems integration, risks, inter-sectoral collaboration, research, participatory processes, monitoring, control, surveillance, and enforcement, among others. To assess how an EAF is being implemented through national policy and legal frameworks, FAO developed "A diagnostic tool for implementing an ecosystem approach to fisheries through national policy and legal frameworks". The present legal report on the EAF used the diagnostic tool to assess the alignment of selected policy and legal instruments of Ghana with an EAF. This assessment analysed the extent to which 82 EAF legal requirements, which are considered the minimum standards in legislating for an EAF, are reflected in Ghana's policies and legislation relevant to the fisheries sector of the country and other relevant sectors (such as environment, wildlife, ecosystems, and maritime affairs). Based on this preliminary diagnosis, gaps were identified in the assessed instruments, and recommendations were made for improving the implementation of an EAF. This report was elaborated following a participatory approach with the involvement of the national competent authorities of Ghana. Drafted in July 2021, the report was submitted to the national authorities of Ghana in October 2021. The Ministry of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development of Ghana and the Fisheries Commission endorsed this EAF Legal Repot of Ghana in December 2021.
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Book (series)Manual / guideBiosecurity guide for live poultry markets 2015
Also available in:
Live poultry markets are an important part of the poultry supply chain in many parts of the world. However, the emergence of avian influenza viruses that can cause severe disease in humans which results from working in or visiting contaminated markets means that some long-standing practices are no longer acceptable. This guide has been produced for live poultry market managers and provides practical options for improving the hygiene and biosecurity of their markets. The guide is structured as a series of questions based on real-life situations and problems. It also contains information on appropriate ways to decontaminate markets and the equipment and vehicles that enter markets. It does not provide a ‘one-size-fits-all’ solution for markets given that these vary from large wholesale markets with a daily throughput of tens of thousands of poultry to small roadside or village markets that operate once or twice per week. Instead, this guide offers a menu of options that can be used to fi nd cost-effective solutions for any type of market. A shift is already occurring away from live bird sales to centralized slaughter, but while live poultry markets continue to operate it is imperative that those that remain are managed in a way that reduces the risk of infection of poultry and humans with avian influenza viruses. This guide will help market managers to achieve this goal. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2020
Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets
2020Updates for many countries have made it possible to estimate hunger in the world with greater accuracy this year. In particular, newly accessible data enabled the revision of the entire series of undernourishment estimates for China back to 2000, resulting in a substantial downward shift of the series of the number of undernourished in the world. Nevertheless, the revision confirms the trend reported in past editions: the number of people affected by hunger globally has been slowly on the rise since 2014. The report also shows that the burden of malnutrition in all its forms continues to be a challenge. There has been some progress for child stunting, low birthweight and exclusive breastfeeding, but at a pace that is still too slow. Childhood overweight is not improving and adult obesity is on the rise in all regions.The report complements the usual assessment of food security and nutrition with projections of what the world may look like in 2030, if trends of the last decade continue. Projections show that the world is not on track to achieve Zero Hunger by 2030 and, despite some progress, most indicators are also not on track to meet global nutrition targets. The food security and nutritional status of the most vulnerable population groups is likely to deteriorate further due to the health and socio economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic.The report puts a spotlight on diet quality as a critical link between food security and nutrition. Meeting SDG 2 targets will only be possible if people have enough food to eat and if what they are eating is nutritious and affordable. The report also introduces new analysis of the cost and affordability of healthy diets around the world, by region and in different development contexts. It presents valuations of the health and climate-change costs associated with current food consumption patterns, as well as the potential cost savings if food consumption patterns were to shift towards healthy diets that include sustainability considerations. The report then concludes with a discussion of the policies and strategies to transform food systems to ensure affordable healthy diets, as part of the required efforts to end both hunger and all forms of malnutrition. -
Book (stand-alone)High-profileState of knowledge of soil biodiversity - Status, challenges and potentialities
Report 2020
2020Also available in:
No results found.There is increasing attention to the importance of biodiversity for food security and nutrition, especially above-ground biodiversity such as plants and animals. However, less attention is being paid to the biodiversity beneath our feet, soil biodiversity, which drives many processes that produce food or purify soil and water. This report is the result of an inclusive process involving more than 300 scientists from around the world under the auspices of the FAO’s Global Soil Partnership and its Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soils, the Convention on Biological Diversity, the Global Soil Biodiversity Initiative, and the European Commission. It presents concisely the state of knowledge on soil biodiversity, the threats to it, and the solutions that soil biodiversity can provide to problems in different fields. It also represents a valuable contribution to raising awareness of the importance of soil biodiversity and highlighting its role in finding solutions to today's global threats.