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DocumentOther documentType classification of damaged forest in the Island Areas, west coast of Korea and analysis on the charaterisitics of restoration sites
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The study aims to produce basic data which can be used in establishing a forest restoration plan in the island areas of the west coast of Korea. First, the damaged type of island area was determined based on the GIS data, and a field study was carried out on 110 of the extracted damaged areas for classified type of forest restoration sites with the Forest Restoration Guidelines of the Korea Forest Service. As a result of the analysis, the total number of islands on the west coast of Korea was 1,977 (254,258 ha), with 323 (248,258 ha) of manned islands and 1,654 (5,871 ha) of uninhabited islands. 11 damage types (590 locations) were extracted through video reading of 2,774 suspected deforestation cases (5,431 ha). The field survey was conducted on 110 locations on 44 islands which were reclassified into 14 damage types. Among the types of forest restoration target sites, the types of damage (12 places) that require restoration of the underlying environment are classified into three categories: facility sites, soil and stone ground, and landslide-damaged sites. it was found to be a man-made damages concentrated in private land with high development pressure, especially in Incheon and Jeollanam-do province by region. Vegetation restoration included 9 different types of damage (96 sites) and it was analyzed that Incheon Metropolitan City and Chungcheongnam-do province have a high rate of grassland and livestock grazing land and Jeollabuk-do province with high distribution of grassland and non-stocked forest land. And Jeollanam-do province had 8 types of damage, relatively more various types of damage confirmed compared to other areas. Habitat and species restoration are required for bird colonies and coastal wetland types (one site, respectively). Plants are dying due to fishery and neglected household waste and bird excrement, therefore it shall be considered from the habitat restoration point of view. The research results are expected to be used in extracting target sites for forest restoration plan and a criteria to find the target sites suitable for the characteristics of damaged areas. Keywords: Monitoring and data collection ID: 3622908 -
DocumentOther documentCharacteristics of sprouts occurrence by cutting to lower the stump height after harvesting the oak forest on the slope
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.This study was conducted to suggest an improved cutting to lower the stump height after harvesting that can induce the occurrence of high-quality root sprouts considering the locational characteristics of oak forests distributed mainly on slope. The study site was established in where the location environment and the stump diameter distribution were similar. The stumps were cut (control area) low horizontally based on the top of the slope, and cut (treatment area) parallel to the slope and close to the ground. The average number of occurred sprouts per stump was eleven, and there was no difference between control and treatment. The amount of stump lateral sprouts was decreased by 38% in the treatment (4.3 sprouts/stump) compared to the control (6.9 sprouts/stump). The occurrence of root sprouts (control: 3.8 sprouts/stump, treatment: 6.5 sprouts/stump) increased by 171%. 79.5% of the control lateral sprouts occurred in the lower slope direction where the stump height was relatively high. It was analyzed that lowing the overall stump height was a factor in reducing the occurrence of lateral sprouts. In order to promote the occurrence of high-quality root sprouts, an improved stump cutting, parallel to the slope and close to the ground, would be advantageous. Keywords: Sustainable forest management ID: 3613395 -
DocumentOther documentThe survival rate and stem moisture content after planting of Larix kaempferi container seedling according to thawing conditions
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.This study was conducted to find out the optimal thawing conditions in connection with refrigerated storage in nursery stage in order to maintain high seedling quality until planting in plantation. Refrigerated container seedlings of Larix kaempferi were produced under 32 different thawing conditions [2 thawing timings (April, May) × 2 shadings (shading, non-shading) × 2 packaging boxes (open, closed) × 4 thawing duration regimes (1, 3, 6, 12 days)] and then planted in plantation. We performed four-way ANOVA to test the effect of the thawing conditions on survival rate (SR) and stem moisture content (SMC) of thawed seedling after planting. The SR of L. kaempfer seedlings was statistically different in each of the four factors, such as thawing timing, shading, packaging box and duration, and significant interactive effects of four factors were also confirmed. Thawing showed a higher SR of seedlings in April than in May. In both thawing timings, it showed the highest SR of seedlings in the thawing condition in which light was shaded and packaging box was opened. As thawing duration increased, SR of seedlings decreased. The shading and thawing duration significantly affected SMC of L. kaempferi seedlings. The SMC of seedlings tended to increase as the thawing duration becomes longer, which is opposite to the result for SR. High temperature in the prolonged thawing duration may result in more active growth of seedlings with enhancing water movement in stem, as refrigerated dormant seedlings started growing with thawing. These results suggest that the best thawing condition is thawing duration of less than 3 days before planting and opening package box in well-ventilated shady locations nearby plantation. The optimal thawing condition will improve the quality of seedling production in nursery stages and increase seedling growth performances in plantation stages. Keywords: Deforestation and forest degradation, Climate change ID: 3622374
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
Book (stand-alone)Corporate general interestUltra-processed foods, diet quality and human health 2019
Also available in:
No results found.The significance of industrial processing for the nature of food and the state of human health - and in particular the techniques and ingredients developed by modern food science and technology - is generally underestimated. This is evident in both national and international policies and strategies designed to improve populations' nutrition and health. Until recently it has also been neglected in epidemiological and experimental studies concerning diet, nutrition and health. This report seeks to assess the impact of ultra-processed food on diet quality and health, based on NOVA, a food classification system developed by researchers at the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil. -
BookletHigh-profileFAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.