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ArticleJournal articleForestry education in Nigeria: Are forestry students unwilling to study the course and does it influence their academic performance?
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Forestry education in Nigeria, as it is globally, is faced with several drawbacks despite the urgent need to train more professionals who can tackle the increasing issues related to forestry. One of these concerns is the reducing interest in academic forestry programs evident by low enrolment rates. However, forestry education still pools relatively good enrolment across Nigerian tertiary institutions, often due to candidates’ inability to secure their initially desired courses. Meanwhile, this could have influenced their academic achievements and career progressions. This study, therefore, analysed the unwillingness of forestry students in Nigeria to study the course and its impact on their academic performance, taking the department of Forestry at FUTA as a case study. A survey was used to collect data from the students (193) on four study levels, comprising their demographics, unwillingness to study forestry, interest to further in forestry-related works and studies, and their academic performance. Descriptive and Chi-square statistics were then used to analyse the responses. The results show that majority of the students were male (56%), mainly within the ages 20-25 (60%) and had been admitted via the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (63%) with no prior forestry awareness, unlike the direct-entry students who mostly had post-secondary forestry-related experience. Widely, students’ perception evidenced their unwillingness towards the discipline with about 68%, 65%, and 94% of them not having prior knowledge about forestry before admission, never chose the course, and would not wish to further in any related post-study engagements, respectively. Meanwhile, only their educational background and their parents' educational level were found to have influenced their unwillingness. It was also revealed that this unwillingness impacted their academic performance significantly. Therefore, Forestry education should be made more attractive in every way possible to facilitate students’ interest and consequently improve academic performance and professional competence in forestry sector. Keywords: Forestry education, unwillingness, interest, influence and academic performance ID: 3623841 -
ArticleJournal articleAgroforestry: A panacea to energy production and food security in Nigeria
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Agroforestry is an ancient practice with numerous benefits ranging from climate change to Energy supply, Shelter and structures, Plant resources, Biodiversity and Improving rural livelihood. In Nigeria the adoption of agroforestry systems varies across the different ecological zones; the practices in rainforest and derived savanna zones include homestead garden, taungya and alley farming, while scattered farm trees, shelterbelt and silvopastural are practiced in the savanna zones. Like every other developing country, Nigeria is faced with a major problem in the energy sector and it also faces the herculean task in feeding its ever-increasing population. However, these could be alleviated by annexing products and services available through Agroforestry value chain. Nigeria is greatly endowed with abundant biomass resources which serves as raw material for the production of green energy capable of meeting her energy needs. Wood fuel consist of four main commodities namely fuelwood (firewood), charcoal, black liquor (bio oil) and wood waste in the form of sawdust. Briquette fuel is also an alternative source of energy produced from forestry and agricultural materials such as sawdust, sugarcane, wastes and some dead woods. The multifunctional approach of Agroforestry system increases food production by increasing resilience of crops for improved food security through the combined production of trees and agricultural crops on the same piece of land for economic development. Available data has shown that there is a considerable increase in the quality and quantity of food crops and other agricultural produce using Agroforestry techniques such as Pastoral farming in the North, Home-garden in the East and Taungya farming system in the Western part of Nigeria. Considering the economic potential of agroforestry in food security and as renewable source of energy, various forms of agroforestry should be adopted based on its relevance to different ecological zones of Nigeria. Keywords: Agroforestry, Homestead, Biofuel, Briquette and Food Security ID:3476093 -
ArticleJournal articleShea butter production and marketing efficiency in Kwara State, Nigeria
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of the marketing chain of shea-butter in Kwara State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to select respondents for the study. Data were collected using three different sets of questionnaires administered on producers, wholesalers and retailers of shea-butter. Descriptive statistics, profit analysis, marketing margin and marketing efficiency tools were used for the study. Results show that shea-butter production in the study area is based on the traditional method. Total cost and revenue were highest for the producers compared to wholesalers and retailers (Producers- N31,360.00; N81,150.00, Wholesalers- N23,400.00; N54,550.00, Retailers-N10,300.00; N28,550.00). The wholesalers received the highest net profit (N31,150.00 per week), while the retailers received the lowest (N18,250.00). The rate of return on investment was highest for the producers (28.10), while the lowest was the retailers (16.70). Conversely, the benefit-cost ratio was highest for the retailers (2.77) and lowest for the producers (1.41). Estimates of marketing efficiency showed that efficiency of wholesaler (961.54%) was more than that of the retailer (436.90%). The production and marketing of shea-butter in the study area is profitable with some levels of market efficiency in the trade. Nevertheless, to enhance production of shea-butter in the study area, improved production methods should be adopted. The level of supply of shea nut must also be enhanced by focusing on domestication of the shea tree. Furthermore, there is need for product differentiation through innovative concepts among the wholesalers and retailers so as to increase their share of the gross marketing margin in the trade. Keywords: Value chain, Decent employment, Gender, Sustainable forest management ID: 3475468
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
DocumentOther documentThe Outlook for Non-wood Forest Products in Asia and the Pacific 2009
Also available in:
No results found.This thematic study examines prospects for NWFPs to 2020. It develops four scenarios for developments to 2020 reflecting divergent needs of society and the differing roles of various stakeholders and institutions in resource management: (i) a low-income subsistence scenario (Subsistence societies); (ii) a resource decline and substitution scenario (Agrarian societies); (iii) an increased commercialization scenario (Industrial societies); and a revival scenario (Post-industrial societies). -
BookletHigh-profileFAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 2022The FAO Strategy on Climate Change 2022–2031 was endorsed by FAO Council in June 2022. This new strategy replaces the previous strategy from 2017 to better FAO's climate action with the Strategic Framework 2022-2031, and other FAO strategies that have been developed since then. The Strategy was elaborated following an inclusive process of consultation with FAO Members, FAO staff from headquarters and decentralized offices, as well as external partners. It articulates FAO's vision for agrifood systems by 2050, around three main pillars of action: at global and regional level, at country level, and at local level. The Strategy also encourages key guiding principles for action, such as science and innovation, inclusiveness, partnerships, and access to finance.