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Cotton cultivation with laser levelling, ridge sowing, integrated pest management and compost application under drought conditions in Pakistan










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    Vegetable cultivation with ridge sowing, farmyard manure, multi-cropping and integrated pest management under drought conditions in Pakistan 2018
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    This technology describes the introduction of ridge sowing, farmyard manure (FYM), multi-cropping and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices for vegetable production (okra, sunflower and sugarcane crops) in the Ghotki district in Pakistan. The construction of ridges or raised beds reduces the total area to which surface irrigation is applied, as only the areas between ridges or raised beds are flooded thus reducing water needs by 20-30 percent.
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    Wheat cultivation with leveling and integrated pest management in Pakistan under drought conditions 2018
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    This technology describes the introduction of levelling and Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices for wheat production in the Kashmore district in Pakistan. The introduction of this practice package allowed farmers to obtain higher yields. The land levelling practice allowed a more efficient irrigation and a more efficient use of fertilizers. This land preparation practice also partly replaced the ploughing, which was contributing to the erosion of soils. IPM reduced the environment and human impacts of pesticides and promoted natural pest and diseases control methods of the crops.
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    Wheat cultivation with farmyard manure and compost application under dry spell conditions in Pakistan 2018
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    This technology describes the introduction of farmyard manure (FYM) and the application of compost for wheat production in the Ghotki district in Pakistan. FYM serves as balanced nutritional manure for plants, improves soil biodiversity and represents a cost-effective fertilisation strategy. Physical properties like bulk density, porosity, void ratio, water permeability and hydraulic conductivity were also significantly improved when FYM was applied. Similarly, compost application increases the availability of essential micro- and macronutrients for the crop and can improve physical and chemical properties of the soils. The tiller, plant height and biomass were also significantly increased. Using compost and FYM helped farmers to increase yields, while contributing to decrease the use of chemical fertilizer and improving soil texture for successive crops.

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