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Book (series)Flagship2022年粮食及农业状况
运用农业自动化推动农业粮食体系转型
2022自二十世纪初以来,自动化便一直与全球农业相生相伴。机动机械化成 效斐然 — 提高生产力,减轻繁重负担,提升劳动力配置效率,但同时也带来了一些不利的环境影响。近年来,数字农业自动化技术方兴未艾,一方面有望进一步提高生产力,增强韧性,另一方面也能兼顾以往机械化作业带来的环境可持续性挑战。《2022年粮食及农业状况》探究农业自动化的驱动因素,包括新兴的数字技术。本报告基于27个案例研究,分析了全球各类农业生产体系采纳数字自动化技术的商业逻辑。报告指出了阻碍此类技术得以包容性采纳的各种障碍,尤其是小规模生产者面临的障碍。主要障碍包括数字技能不高,缺少有利的基础设施,如通网和通电,此外还有资金限制。本出版物基于分析提出,相关政策要确保发展中区域的弱势群体能够从农业自动化进程中受益,且自动化进程要有利于建设可持续、有韧性的农业粮食体系。 -
Book (series)General interest bookEnabling regulatory frameworks for contract farming 2018
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FAO’s previous contribution to the development of contract farming saw the publication in 2015 of the UNIDROIT/FAO/IFAD Legal Guide on Contract Farming, which focused on the bilateral relationship between an agricultural producer and a contractor. This Legislative Study develops that research and focuses on the regulatory frameworks for contract farming, aiming to highlight different possible approaches for different contexts. Responsible contract farming can be a powerful tool for small scale farmers in developing countries to move towards larger scalecommercial production. It can create economic wealth, contribute to supply chain efficiency through the production of higher quantities of better quality products, and contribute to achieving domestic food security objectives. Maximizing these benefits while minimizing the inherent risks of contract farming is reliant upon the forging of an enabling environment, a key part of which is the domestic regulatory framework. This Legislative Study provides guidance to domestic regulators and other interested readers on how to appraise and potentially reform domestic regulatory frameworks to achieve responsible contract farming. Recognising that different countries and contextual realties may benefit from different regulatory solutions, this Study provides several examples, supported by representative case studies, on how contract farming can be regulated, without promoting a single solution as the most appropriate. Please visit FAO’s Contract Farming Resource Centre, http://www.fao.org/in-action/contract-farming/en/, which is a regularly updated website hosting a variety of material on contract farming both from FAO and from other recognized authors. -