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Salmonella control programmes in Denmark

Conference Room Document proposed by Denmark








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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    EMPRES Food Safety - Prevention and control of Salmonella and enterohemorrhagic E. coli in tree nuts
    Lessons Learned Series, No. 2 – June 2012
    2012
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    Low-moisture foods, such as nuts, generally have been considered low risk for foodborne illness because they are consumed in a dry state. In low-moisture foods the water activity (available moisture) is too low to support microbial growth. For example, the water activity in tree nuts is generally less than 0.7. This may lead to the common misconception that low levels of pathogenic bacteria in foods such as tree nuts are not a food safety concern. However, it is increasingly recognized that many foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella and EHEC, can cause illness when present at very low levels, i.e. for illness to occur microbial growth does not need to take place. In addition, once ingested, the high fat content in tree nuts may protect pathogens from stomach acids allowing passage of viable organisms to the intestine. While a number of low-moisture foods have been associated with foodborne illness, e.g. spices, chocolate, powdered infant formula, the recognition of tree nuts as a p otential source of foodborne pathogens and human illness is relatively recent.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    EMPRES Food Safety - Prevention and control of Salmonella and enterohemorrhagic E. coli in tree nuts
    Lessons Learned Series, No. 2 – June 2012
    2012
    Also available in:
    No results found.

    Low-moisture foods, such as nuts, generally have been considered low risk for foodborne illness because they are consumed in a dry state. In low-moisture foods the water activity (available moisture) is too low to support microbial growth. For example, the water activity in tree nuts is generally less than 0.7. This may lead to the common misconception that low levels of pathogenic bacteria in foods such as tree nuts are not a food safety concern. However, it is increasingly recognized that many foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella and EHEC, can cause illness when present at very low levels, i.e. for illness to occur microbial growth does not need to take place. In addition, once ingested, the high fat content in tree nuts may protect pathogens from stomach acids allowing passage of viable organisms to the intestine. While a number of low-moisture foods have been associated with foodborne illness, e.g. spices, chocolate, powdered infant formula, the recognition of tree nuts as a p otential source of foodborne pathogens and human illness is relatively recent.
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    Book (series)
    Measures for the control of non-typhoidal Salmonella spp. in poultry meat
    Meeting report
    2023
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    In response to a request from the 52nd Session of the Codex Committee on Food Hygiene (CCFH), the FAO/WHO Joint Expert Meetings on Microbiological Risk Assessment (JEMRA) convened this meeting, to collate and assess the most recent scientific information relating to the control of non-typhoidal (NT)-Salmonella spp. in chicken meat. The assessment included a review of the Codex Guidelines for the Control of Campylobacter and Salmonella in Chicken Meat (CXG 78-2011). The Campylobacter will be reviewd by another meeting. The expert consultation noted that no single control measure was sufficiently effective in reducing either the prevalence or the level of contamination of broilers and poultry meat with NT-Salmonella spp. Instead, it was emphasized that control strategies based on multiple intervention steps would have the greatest impact on controlling NT-Salmonella spp. in the broiler production chain. This report describes the output of this expert meeting and the advice herein is useful for both risk assessors and risk managers, at national and international levels and those in the food industry working to control the hazard in poultry.

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