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2023年粮食体系倒计时报告 | 摘要

世界粮食体系状况










  • 阅读 完整英文报告



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      粮食体系是人类和地球福祉的基础,也是实现可持续发展目标的核心。但粮食体系也带来健康问题、不平等、环境退化和温室气体排放。亟需推动粮食体系转型,应对相关挑战。若要推动转型,则需要了解各类功能粮食体系的状况。粮食体系倒计时倡议(倒计时倡议)旨在通过相关数据监测粮食体系转型状况,深化对粮食体系状况的认识,其独立于任何已有监测进程。此类监测可帮助决策者就关键优先事项达成共识,刺激行动,让利益相关方负责,监测进展以维持承诺、及时整改。
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      以抽样为基础的渔业调查:技术手册。 2010
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      The purpose of this handbook is to summarize experience gained over recent years in fishery statistical development by the Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Unit (FIDI) of FAO, and provide planners and users of fishery surveys with simple and step-by-step guidance for developing and implementing cost-effective and sustainable fishery surveys. The methodological and operational concepts discussed here apply equally to both marine and inland capture fisheries and are presented in a manner t hat is generic enough to make them adaptable to most commonly used data collection systems. Statistical aspects are presented in a descriptive rather than theoretical manner. Emphasis is placed on the understanding and interpretation of the statistics and related indicators collected, rather than on the computations producing them. Readers interested in a more in-depth discussion on statistical and computing approaches may make use of the list of references that is given at the end of the handbo ok.

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      今年的报告让我们充分确认到,全世界在努力消除饥饿、粮食不安全和一切形式的营养不良方面正在出现倒退。当前,距离2030年只有八年时间,可持续发展目标2中诸多具体目标却越来越难企及。实际上,在实现可持续发展目标2方面各方付出了重要努力,但在更具挑战性和不确定性的环境下,这些努力还不充分。最近导致粮食不安全和营养不良趋势的主要驱动力量(即冲突、极端气候和经济冲击)加剧,营养食物价格高昂,不平等现象日益恶化,将继续对粮食安全和营养构成挑战。面对这 一情况,农业粮食体系必须实现转型、提高韧性,通过可持续、包容的方式为所有人提供成本更低的营养食物和可负担的健康膳食。
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      In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.