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The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2024

Trade and nutrition: policy coherence for healthy diets












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Last updated 30/12/2024

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FAO. 2024. The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2024 – Trade and nutrition: Policy coherence for healthy diets. Rome.





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    Booklet
    In Brief to The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets 2024
    Trade and nutrition: Policy coherence for healthy diets
    2024
    Trade is integral to our agrifood systems as it fulfils the fundamental role of moving food from surplus to deficit regions, thus contributing to food security. Global food markets connect people and countries around the world, shape the availability, diversity and prices of foods and thus can affect diets and nutrition outcomes. These effects can be widely heterogeneous across countries both in direction and magnitude. The 2024 edition of The State of Agricultural Commodity Markets explores the complex linkages between food trade and nutrition and generates evidence to show how trade can affect dietary patterns and nutritional outcomes. The report examines the intersection of trade policies and nutrition measures and provides policymakers with an understanding of how to pursue nutrition objectives in the context of trade agreements and within the changing landscape of global agrifood systems.
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    Book (stand-alone)
    Evolution of global agrifood trade and trade policy and implications for nutrition 2025
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    While international agrifood trade is critically relevant for the availability and supply of food across many countries, import tariffs are a policy instrument with relatively modest potential to steer consumers towards purchasing more nutritious food. Employing a number of newly developed datasets, this research project examines patterns and developments in the links between agrifood trade and nutrition and assesses how trade policy shapes food prices. The analysis is undertaken at a global level with a focus on the Near East and North Africa (NENA) region, a set of countries which is particularly dependent on agrifood imports. The results show that agrifood imports are a critical source of calories, macro-nutrients as well as vitamins and minerals for most countries in the world. On the supply side, a small number of countries account for the bulk of globally traded calories and nutrients. These findings show that calorie and nutrient availabilities are shaped significantly by global trade. With regard to how import tariffs affect the relative prices of foods with different nutritional characteristics, econometric estimations suggest that on average import tariffs have only a relatively modest effect on the relative prices of different foods. The concentration patterns of caloric and nutrient supply in a small number of supplying countries reinforce calls to diversify global food markets and trade. As for trade policy options, the modest effects of tariffs suggest that exploring other domestic and trade policy options would be necessary to significantly improve nutritional outcomes.
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    Booklet
    Food and diet
    Statistics on dietary data
    2024
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    FAO launches the Food and Diet domain on FAOSTAT, the first centralized location for the sharing of statistics on all forms of dietary related data in an effort to harmonize the processing of dietary data, increase their dissemination, and improve the utilization of food supply, food consumption, and diet quality statistics and indicators. The Food and Diet domain on FAOSTAT presents harmonized statistics for twenty-four nutrients in total. The statistics are presented at the national level for all data sources, by geographic areas for all data sources except for supply utilization accounts, by income groups for household consumption and expenditure surveys, and by sex-age groups for individual quantitative dietary data. The statistics by food groups, for all data sources, are based on a nutrition-sensitive food grouping classification. This analytical brief presents the new domain and the data that users can now easily access and compare across countries and years.

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