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World reviews of interactions between marine mammals and fisheries










Northridge, Simon P. World reviews of interactions between marine mammals and fisheries.FAO Fisheries Technical Paper.No.251. Rome. FAO. 1984. 190p.


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    Recent information on marine mammal - fishery interactions is reviewed. A species by species approach is taken for each of the major marine fishing areas of the world. Most recent studies have been devoted to the accidental entanglement or mortality of marine mammals in fishing operations. Several species or populations of marine mammal may be threatened with extinction or severe depletion from such interactions. Most of the fisheries involved are gillnet fisheries. Relatively few recent studies have addressed the possible competitive interactions between marine mammals and fisheries for food and fishery resources.
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    Review of measures taken by intergovernmental organizations to address sea turtle and seabird interactions in marine capture fisheries. 2007
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    This document reviews actions taken by intergovernmental organizations (IGOs), including regional fisheries management organizations (RFMOs) and other relevant regional fishery bodies (RFBs), to address problematic sea turtle and seabird interactions in marine capture fisheries. Sea turtles and seabirds are subject to a number of natural and anthropogenic mortality sources, including fishing operations. As a result, all sea turtle species of known status are recognized as being endangered. All s ea turtle species excluding the flatback are listed in Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), which regulates international trade. Of the 61 species of seabirds affected by longline fisheries, 26 are threatened with extinction, including 19 species of albatrosses. The Convention on Migratory Species, which has a broader remit than CITES in terms of its requirements for both domestic and multilateral conservation measures, lists all sea turtles, albatrosses, giant petrels and Procellaria petrels in its Appendices. Due to concern over the status of sea turtles and certain species of seabirds and the possible negative effects of fishing on these populations, several IGOs have taken measures to address these problems. Some of these organizations have begun examining seabird or sea turtle interactions, several have adopted voluntary measures to address problematic interactions, while five RFMOs have legally binding measures requiring the employment of seabird avoidance methods in pelagic and demersal longline and trawl fisheries. There currently are no legally-binding measures in place by an IGO to manage turtle-fishery interactions or seabird interactions in coastal gillnet fisheries. Several IGOs, which lack fisheries management authority, serve as advisory mechanisms and conduct cooperative research, or have a primary responsibility of regional sea turtle or seabird conservation.
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    Review of the state of world fishery resources: Marine fisheries 1997
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    This paper updates the regular reviews of the state of the world's marine fish stocks, based mainly on statistics through 1994. The introduction refers to the limits of world fish production and to major trends in world fisheries since 1950. Attention is drawn to the generalized high level of exploitation of the more valuable marine resources. More detailed remarks are provided for each FAO statistical area, together with a discussion of the major changes and trends that have occurred in specifi c resources and the fishery assessment strategies in current use in support of fisheries management in each region. Special sections address the global issue of tunas and tuna-like species and other special topics dealing with lanternfishes as a potential resource, and global synchrony in fish populations. Summary tables are provided for each statistical area showing historical and recent landings for the major marine resources and judgements on their current state of exploitation.

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