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DocumentPreserving biodiversity in a warming climate: adapting strategies in forestry and nature conservation
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.It is a challenge for today’s conservation managers to adapt their strategies to a changing climate. We systematically compiled recommendations from scientific literature reviews regarding adapting biodiversity conservation to climate change in boreal and temperate regions. Both direct (changed temperature, precipitation, sea level) and indirect effects (such as increased natural disturbances and changed land use) of climate change were considered. Most recommendations belonged to eight dominating categories: (i) Promote both connectivity that facilitates dispersal through the landscape and connectivity that maintains populations within the landscapes; (ii) Focus on certain types of sites, especially those that can act as climate refugia, since they have heterogeneous climatic conditions; (iii) Protect a few large areas rather than many smaller, since then species can to a higher extent persist within the protected areas at climate change; (iv) Consider the regional location, especially by locating conservation measures at sites predicted to become important for biodiversity in the future, such as sites located at higher elevations and closer to the poles; (v) protect areas also temporarily, as a response to extreme events or changes in range distributions; (vi) increase habitat diversity over landscapes by protecting many different habitats; (vii) mitigate habitat deterioration caused by climate change and restore degraded habitats in production landscapes, and (viii) decrease the intensity and adapt practices in forestry to climate change, for example by increasing the ecological resilience to climatic stresses.
Climate change implies that more conservation efforts are required to reach conservation goals. To protect forest biodiversity in the future, both traditional conservation strategies and strategies adapted to climate change are needed; in addition, novel approaches developed as a response to climate change will become increasingly relevant. Keywords: Biodiversity conservation, Climate change, Landscape management ID: 3621863 -
ArticleCreating biodiversity safeguards for nature-based solutions for climate change mitigation and adaptation
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.There have been many trials and pilot experiments to mainstream biodiversity into the climate change regime through initiatives like REDD+ and Ecosystem based approaches. Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are being viewed as yet another opportunity to synergize climate and biodiversity actions. However, NbS is being promoted more as a climate solution than a biodiversity solution, while the word “nature” makes it seem like it may be good also for biodiversity. Past experiences show that not all forest-based projects conserved biodiversity, while some turned out to be harmful due to their “mitigation-centric” approach. Carbon sequestration by ecosystems is just a part of the overall services it provides, which include a range of provisioning, supporting, regulating and cultural services. All these are not accounted for when we focus on mitigation. This has led to a fear among the conservation community whether these solutions actually focus on biodiversity or just climate. It is important that NbS considers the overall value of nature beyond its carbon sink capability. Therefore, the socio-ecological systems mechanism needs to be well studied, both through the biodiversity and climate lens, to keep proper safety nets for biodiversity and dependent communities. In this background, this paper discusses: (i) trade-offs associated with former forest-based mechanisms under the climate regime; (ii) path shown by different organizations and researchers for the implementation of NbS; and (iii) ways to introduce biodiversity safeguards for NbS, considering social-ecological interactions. NbS is seen as a broad-spectrum solution and must advocate biodiversity conservation and sustainable development. NbS is taking an important position in both CBD and UNFCCC negotiations and future COPs will be instrumental in deciding the guidelines for NbS. This paper will add to the ongoing debate using also the available literature on NbS since its inception. Keywords: Climate change, Biodiversity conservation, Deforestation and forest degradation, Landscape management, Sustainable forest management ID: 3486767 -
ArticleAgroforestry for climate change adaptation: A study from Siwalik, Makwanpur, Nepal
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The study aims to analyze factors affecting the adoption of agroforestry for climate change adaptation. The specific objectives were to analyze the effect caused by change in rainfall patterns and variation in temperature in agroforestry, identify the agroforestry-based adaptation practices. Rakhsiranga Rural Municipality of Makwanpur District was selected as the study area. There are 940 households in this municipality. Out of this, 100 HHs were selected randomly for interview. The survey was conducted in April and May, 2020. Altogether, two focus group discussions were also carried out to collect the data. Field observation of the practices, impacts and applied strategies explored more information regarding agroforestry practices. Secondary data were collected through different articles. People’s precipitation about the climate change was collected from during the field work. Increase in insect pests, diseases and invasive species, reduced productivity and increased fire events were notable changes faced by agroforestry practicing farmers which were seems to be cause by the climate change as per the survey and data. Farmers were practicing different agroforestry systems in their farm land, they mostly preferred agrihortisilviculture. The household size and age of the people was highly correlated with adaptation of agrihortisilviculture since the p-value was less than 0.05. Keywords: Adaptation, agroforestry, climate change, diversification ID: 3486367
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