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Northeastern Nigeria: Assessing drivers of acute malnutrition relapse in children

Study aiming at enhancing programming, August 2024









FAO. 2024. Northeastern Nigeria: Assessing drivers of acute malnutrition relapse in children – Study aiming at enhancing programming, August 2024. Rome.



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    The protracted crisis in northeastern Nigeria has resulted in persistently high levels of acute malnutrition, with 1.5 million children under five years of age and over 200 000 pregnant and breastfeeding women acutely malnourished. Despite there being effective treatments to address acute malnutrition in children, several reports show worrying rates of relapse, after being discharged from outpatient treatment programmes (OTPs). The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) promotes the production and distribution of locally produced supplementary food (LPSF) called Tom Brown to prevent relapse of acute malnutrition in children under the age of five in the region. To assess the effectiveness of FAO’s LPSF intervention, the Organization carried out a study, the results of which indicate that the regular consumption of Tom Brown has significantly reduced the risk of relapse of global acute malnutrition (GAM) by 35 percent, with a more pronounced effect in boys under the age of five and all children under two years of age. Findings suggest that while LPSF approaches can play a crucial role in mitigating relapse of acute malnutrition, they must be integrated with broader efforts to address the root causes of acute malnutrition for improved and sustained effectiveness.
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    The Federal Republic of Nigeria Resilience Strategy 2021–2023
    Increasing the resilience of agriculture-based livelihood – The pathway to humanitarian–development–peace nexus
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    The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has developed this three-year strategy to strengthen resilience of agriculture-based livelihoods in Nigeria under recurring threats from both conflict and natural hazard-induced disasters to better withstand shocks and thrive. It integrates the pathways for resilience through four main outcome areas. The first one is the strengthening of the national institutions and their entities for disaster risk reduction, natural resources management and food crisis prevention and management in the agriculture sector. Secondly, it aims to inform agriculture-based livelihood interventions with reliable data, analysis and a well-established early warning system against known and emerging risks and hazards, for enhanced food security. Besides, the strategy aims to promote diversified, resilient and inclusive agriculture-based livelihood systems and also to improve and protect food security and nutrition, and agriculture-based livelihoods of crisis-affected populations.
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    Chad: Integrated livestock management to address acute malnutrition in children
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    High levels of food insecurity and acute malnutrition persist in Chad despite investments by government, humanitarian and development actors. Global acute malnutrition (GAM) continues to surpass the emergency threshold of 15 percent on a yearly basis in many regions in Chad, including in Kanem – currently in Crisis (Cadre Harmonisé Phase 4) – and Barh El Gazel. The situation has been exacerbated by below-average rainfall coupled with repeated long dry spells. FAO is carrying out a study to determine the effectiveness and sustainability of a multisectoral livestock management intervention – including the provision of livestock feed, improved natural resource management (water and fooder) and nutritional counselling – in reducing the risk of acute malnutrition among children under 5 years of age and pregnant and breastfeeding women in Chad’s Kanem and Barh El Gazel regions.

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