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MeetingMeeting documentIs it good or bad to fish with FADs? What are the real impacts of the use of drifting FADs on pelagic marine ecosystems? 2013
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No results found.The use of fish aggregating devices (FADs) by purse seine fisheries has come under increasing criticism for its potential deleterious impacts on tu stocks, for high levels of by-catch and threats to the biodiversity of tropical pelagic ecosystems. Here, we review the current state of scientific knowledge of this fishing technique and current magement strategies. Our intent is to encourage objective discussion of the topic and highlight areas worthy of future research. We show that catching juven ile tu around FADs does not necessarily result in overfishing of stocks, although more selective fishing techniques would likely help obtain higher yield. Levels of non-tu by-catch are comparable to or less than in other commercial tu fisheries and are primarily comprised of species that are not considered threa- tened. Accordingly, to minimize impacts on ecosystem balance, there is merit in considering that all species captured in purse seine fisheries (excluding vulnerable species such as turt les and sharks) should be retained, but the consequences of such a measure should be carefully examined before implementation. The take of vulnerable species could be further reduced by introduction of additiol mitigation measures, but their potential benefits would be limited without parallel efforts with other gears. Filly, there is no unequivocal empirical evidence that FADs repre- sent an ‘ecological trap’ that inherently disrupts tu biology although further research should focus on this iss ue. We encourage RFMOs to expand and improve their FAD magement plans. Under appropriate magement regimes, FAD fish- ing could be an ecologically and economically sensible fishing method. -
MeetingMeeting documentIs it good or bad to ?sh with FADs? What are the real impacts of the use of drifting FADs on pelagic marine ecosystems? 2013
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Book (series)Manual / guideCodex Alimentarius Commission Procedural Manual
Twenty-eighth edition
2023The Procedural Manual of the Codex Alimentarius Commission helps national delegations and international organizations attending as observers, participate effectively in the work of the Joint FAO/WHO Food Standards Programme. It sets out the basic Rules of Procedure, procedures for the elaboration of Codex standards and related texts, and basic definitions and guidelines for the operation of Codex committees. It also gives the membership of the Codex Alimentarius Commission. This newly designed 28th edition with the first change in layout since the 1960s, amends the section on commodity standards dealing with non-retail containers; introduces new text on “Criteria and procedural guidelines for Codex committees and ad hoc intergovernmental task forces working by correspondence”, and there is a new annex concerning the "Approach for the extrapolation of maximum residue limits of veterinary drugs to one or more species to the risk analysis principles applied by the Committee on residues of veterinary drugs in foods". -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.