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DocumentLivestock Environment and Development in Watersheds – Policy Note
Semi Arid India – CALPI Programme Series 1
2005Also available in:
No results found.The Policy note deals with livestock – environment interactions in the watershed areas. It aims at striking a balance between making livestock a viable livelihood option and preserving the environment by promotion of sustainable resource management practices. The paper provides recommendations for achieving this balance and is targeted at policy makers, implementers, practitioners, NGOs, government departments, gram panchayats and community-based organizations. Various critical issues addressed here include common property resources, availability of quality services such as feeding, breeding, disease control, formal institutional credit and marketing, integration of livestock in watershed development programmes and so on. Every issue addressed is backed by case studies depicting best practices that can be adopted to overcome the issue. The paper recommends creating increased awareness to the various stakeholders, providing alternatives to grazing issues, measures that can help overcome fodder scarcity during drought, provisions for drinking water for livestock, coordination between various departments and training to overcome issues related to livestock-environment interactions. It advocates incorporating livestock component into the watershed programmes at the designing stage itself. -
DocumentLivestock- Environment interactions in Watersheds: Policy issue
A report on the policy round table
2005Also available in:
No results found.This document is a report on a Round Table policy dialogue aimed to address the policy and institutional issues related to livestock-livelihoods-environment-watersheds interactions in semi-arid areas of Maharashtra. This workshop was aimed at presenting the conclusions of the LEAD study, review of the current livestock and watershed policies of Maharashtra, and to initiate a policy dialogue with stakeholders for actionable policy interventions. The report provides a summary of the workshop presentations. This includes a paper on the ‘Livestock Production Systems in Marginal Areas’ by Ranjitha Puskur from IWMI emphasising on the inter-linkages between livestock production, resource endowment and market conditions in watersheds and the management of resources and the policy environment. Other papers such as ‘Groundwater Policies and Situation in the State of Maharashtra’ by S. P. Bagade Additional Director, GSDA and a paper on ‘Livestock – Environment interactions in watershed: Sust ainability issues- some inputs from forestry sector’ by Dr. A. K. Jha, the Joint Director, Social Forestry are included. -
No Thumbnail AvailableBook (stand-alone)The influence of government policies on livestock production and the environment in West Asia and North Africa (WANA) 1998
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No results found.The paper reviews the dynamics of change in the WANA region over the last forty years, with a particular focus on their impact on agricultural policy, the livestock sector, and the environment in the Mashreq and Maghreb (M&M) countries of the region, for which recent information is available from an ongoing project. This project, which is supported by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and the Arab Fund for Economic and Social Development (AFESD), involves two intern ational research centers - the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) and the International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), in close collaboration with national biological and social scientists from those eight countries. 1 Its principal goal is to find ways of reconciling growth, poverty alleviation, and sustainable natural resource management in the low rainfall farming areas of those countries with mean annual precipitation (MAP) below 400 mm, the ste ppe rangelands with MAP below 200 mm, and the upland watersheds. These zones which cover a huge area, including a significant share of the arable land, and virtually all of the natural grazings in those countries (Table 1), are at high risk from climatic hazards, and represent the main locus of rural poverty. Livestock, particularly small ruminants, have a pivotal social and economic role in land use, farming systems, and employment there, and are the mainstay of family income and savings f rom agriculture. Livestock also contribute significantly to the national economies, representing between 30 percent and 35 percent of agricultural GDP in the eight countries. Nevertheless, their governments, faced with large food and feed imports to meet the needs of rapidly growing populations, have given priority in research and investment policies to the higher rainfall areas, and particularly to the expansion of irrigation. Support to agriculture in the low rainfall areas has been mainl y aimed at mitigating the impact on the ruminant livestock sector of the frequent droughts which are endemic to the dominant semi-arid winter rainfall Mediterranean climate there. These drought relief policies, which have been largely of an ad hoc reactive nature, have created social and economic dependencies among people in the low rainfall areas; which are proving financially costly to governments, and difficult to escape from. Together with broader sector and national policies, they have encouraged escalation of animal numbers and had perverse effects on the natural environment. This paper reviews the factors which have created this situation, and suggests measures to restore sustainable management of livestock based farming systems in these low rainfall environments, while alleviating poverty.
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