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Book (series)Cropping system diversification in Eastern and Southern Africa: Identifying policy options to enhance productivity and build resilience 2018
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No results found.Crop diversification is an important policy objective to promote climate change adaptation, yet the drivers and impacts of crop diversification vary considerably depending on the specific combinations of crops a farmer grows. This paper examines adoption determinants of seven different cropping systems in Malawi, Zambia and Mozambique, and the impact of their adoption on maize productivity and income volatility – using a multinomial endogenous treatment effect model. These cropping systems consist in different combinations of four categories of crops: dominate staple (maize), alternative staples, legumes, and cash-crops. The study finds that relative to maize mono-cropping systems, the vast majority of systems have either neutral or positive effects on maize productivity, and either reduce or have neutral effects on crop income volatility. In particular, cropping systems that include legumes produce better outcome in most cases than those that feature cash crops. From a policy perspective, three recurrent determinants of diversification are found. First, private sector output market access is an important driver of diversification out of maize mono-cropping. Policies crowding in private output market actors can help to promote a wide range of more diverse cropping systems. Second, proximity to public marketing board buying depots discourages the adoption of more diverse cropping systems. Therefore, reforms to these institutions must be part of any diversification strategy. Finally, in all countries and for all systems, land size is a key determinant of adopting more diverse systems. Thus, land policy is an integral element of any boarder diversification strategy. -
BookletSouthern Africa Resilience Strategy 2018–2021 2018
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No results found.Southern Africa is subject to multiple, frequent, and compounded shocks and stressors that prevent communities from fully recovering from crises, thereby deepening their vulnerability. This vulnerability was particularly exposed during the El Niño-induced drought in 2015–2016: the worst in the region for 35 years, it devastated local food systems and severely undermined the agriculture-based livelihoods of the region’s predominantly rural population. This Strategy aims to increase the resilience of agricultural livelihoods to contribute to enhanced food security and nutrition in Southern Africa through multisectoral, multi-hazard and multistakeholder consultations and joint interventions. An inclusive consultative process with vulnerable communities and key stakeholders on resilience policies and approaches will be the foundation of local ownership and will ensure the success of resilience interventions in the region. -
ProjectSustainable Livelihoods and Climate Resilience through Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and Agroforestry (AF) Best Practices in the Northwestern Mountainous Region of Viet Nam - TCP/VIE/3701 2023
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No results found.The six northwestern provinces of Viet Nam Hoa Binh Son La, Dien Bien, Lai Chau, Yen Bai and Lao Cai are endowed with rich natural resources that play a crucial role in watershed management for such key river systems as the Da and Ma rivers The six provinces cover a total land area of approximately 5 64 million ha and provide a home to 4 43 million people, of whom 3 35 million are ethnic minorities The provinces are among the poorest regions of the country, with more than 80 percent of the population dependent on agriculture for its livelihood The region has 3 9 million ha of agriculture and forestry land, of which 80 percent is dedicated to forestry and 20 percent to farming In addition to the effect of population pressure on arable land, the expansion of agricultural production onto hilly and sloping land, and the prevalence of maize mono cropping have caused serious deforestation, the degradation of agro ecosystems and landscape fragmentation In addition, the region is characterized by fragile ecosystems, unstable geology and complex topography, and is highly vulnerable to climate change and natural disasters Despite this crucial situation, the introduction of important counter measures, such as tree based intercropping, remains limited Barriers to the large scale adoption of such practices in the region include widespread outdated cultivation practices, a lack of knowledge of climate smart agriculture ( and agroforestry ( practices and significant investment requirements In addition, given the prevalence of monoculture, there is little incentive for farmers, who have limited access to education and an extension system, to diversify their income The aim of the project was thus to enhance the capacities of the government and upland communities to scale up CSA/AF best practices in the Northwestern Mountainous Region of Viet Nam.
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