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BookletCorporate general interestEvaluation of the project "Transforming the Indus Basin with Climate Resilient Agriculture and Water Management"
Interim report, project code GCP/PAK/146/GCF
2025Also available in:
No results found.This interim evaluation reviews progress of the Green Climate Fund–financed project “Transforming the Indus Basin with Climate Resilient Agriculture and Water Management,” executed by FAO with co-financing from the Governments of Punjab and Sindh. Covering March 2020–December 2024, and led by the FAO Office of Evaluation, it assesses performance against GCF criteria, validates the project’s theory of change, and captures stakeholder feedback. -
ProjectProgramme / project reportTransforming the Indus Basin with Climate Resilient Agriculture and Water Management
Environmental and Social Management Plan
2025Also available in:
No results found.The Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP) for the project Transforming the Indus Basin with Climate Resilient Agriculture and Water Management outlines strategies to enhance resilience among vulnerable farming communities in Punjab and Sindh, Pakistan. The project addresses climate change impacts on water and agriculture through four components: (i) improving climate information services, (ii) building on-farm resilience via Climate Resilient Agriculture (CRA) and On-Farm Water Management (OFWM), (iii) creating an enabling environment for sustained adoption of climate-smart practices, and (iv) project management. The ESMP identifies potential environmental and social risks—such as resource efficiency, pollution prevention, occupational health and safety, gender equality, and cultural heritage—and proposes mitigation measures aligned with FAO’s Framework for Environmental and Social Management (FESM 2022) and GCF standards. -
ProjectProgramme / project reportEnhance climate resilience of vulnerable agriculture households in Southern Iraq through the promotion of climate smart water management and good agriculture practices in selected value chains.
Stakeholder Engagement Plan
2024Also available in:
No results found.The FAO projects in Southern Iraq, funded by Global Affairs Canada (GAC) and the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA), aim to improve water productivity, food security, and climate resilience for rural households. The GAC project ($7.3 million) focuses on empowering women through Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) and installing solar panels to enhance irrigation. The SIDA project ($10.2 million) promotes CSA, post-harvest improvements, and policy dialogue on water efficiency. Both initiatives align with the Green Climate Fund’s efforts to strengthen climate resilience in Iraq's agricultural sector.
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018. -
Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.