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Greenhouse gas emissions from pre- and post agricultural production processes

Global, regional and country trends, 1990–2020










FAO. 2023. Greenhouse gas emissions from pre- and post-agricultural production processes  Global, regional and country trends, 1990–2020. FAOSTAT Analytical Brief Series No. 65. Rome. 



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    Agrifood systems account for one-third of total anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. They are generated in various ways: within the farm gate, through crop and livestock production; through land-use change; and in pre- and post-production processes, including food manufacturing, retail, household consumption and food disposal. According to the latest data, global agrifood systems emissions reached 16 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (Gt CO2eq) in 2020, an increase of 9 percent since 2000.
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    Agrifood systems account for about one-third of total anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions. They are generated within the farm gate, from crop and livestock production activities; by land-use change, caused by deforestation, biomass fires and peatland degradation processes often linked to land clearance for agriculture; and in pre- and post-production processes, comprising the supply chain including food manufacturing, retail, household consumption and food disposal. According to the latest data, global agrifood systems emissions reached 16.2 billion tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (Gt CO2eq) in 2022, virtually unchanged from 2021, and representing an increase of 10 percent since 2000.
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    This paper is part of a series detailing new methodologies for estimating key components of agri-food systems emissions, with a view to disseminate the information in FAOSTAT. It describes methods for estimating greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from fossil fuel-based energy use in agri-food systems processes outside agricultural land, i.e. those associated with pre- and post-production activities – in an effort to inform countries of the environmental impacts of agri-food systems and the possible options to reduce them.

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