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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookClimatic Risk Analysis in Conservation Agriculture in Varied Biophysical and Socio-economic Settings of Southern Africa 2011
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ProjectFactsheetSupporting Agricultural Growth and Socio-Economic Development in Southern Africa - TCP/SFS/3502 2019
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The Southern African Development Community (SADC) Secretariat has embarked on the formulation of an Investment Plan for the effective and coherent implementation of a Regional Agriculture Policy. This will ensure the food and nutrition security of people living in SADC member countries, the sustainable utilization of available natural resources, and the effective protection of the environment. Assistance was required, in terms of both technical and management capacity, to develop the investment plan. -
ProjectFactsheetSupport in Starting Up OH Interventions Minimizing the Socio-Economic Impact of Health Threats in Southern Africa - TCP/SFS/3901 2025
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No results found.The COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the global vulnerability to zoonotic diseases and the urgent need for improved preparedness using OH principles. These principles advocate for the collaboration of sectors involved in the health of people, animals, plants, and their shared environment. The tripartite organizations (FAO, OIE, WHO), recently joined by UNEP, are working together to address zoonotic diseases, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and biodiversity protection. However, national and regional implementation remains limited, especially in integrating wildlife and environmental health with traditional animal and human health sectors. AMR is a significant threat due to the misuse of antimicrobials in humans, animals, and agriculture. This misuse leads to resistant pathogens, complicating treatment and threatening food security, nutrition, and environmental sustainability. Southern Africa faces high levels of antimicrobial resistance, exacerbated by weak regulatory frameworks and poor agricultural practices.
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Book (series)Manual / guideShrimp acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease strategy manual 2020
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No results found.The contents of this Shrimp acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease strategy manual provides information and guidance relevant to the development of policies to respond to outbreaks of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in farmed marine shrimp. The etiologic agents for AHPND are virulent strains of bacteria belonging to the genus Vibrio parahaemolyticus and related species, which harbor specific toxin genes. While these bacterial species are part of the normal microflora of the marine environment, they may cause substantial mortalities in whiteleg shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) and giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) cultured in countries in Asia and the Americas. These strains of these Vibrio bacteria secrete a PirABvp binary toxin resulting in sloughing of tubule epithelial cells and dysfunctions of the hepatopancreas in the acute form; mortality can reach 100 percent in affected ponds. Chronic presentation of this disease involves secondary bacterial infection of hepatopancreas and running mortality over the culture cycle. Acute or chronic presentation would greatly depend on the culture conditions. This disease can be considered a toxicosis rather than an infection. Economic losses due to this disease have amounted to over USD 7 billion annually. Further outbreaks of AHPND, particularly in areas that are currently free of the disease, would be expected to experience similar devastating effects on local shrimp producers and the surrounding communities; and thus, there is an urgent need to develop a contingency plan to control and eradicate this disease. This manual includes information on: 1) the nature of AHPND: a brief review of current knowledge in disease etiology, susceptible species and global distribution; 2) diagnosis of disease: a description of gross clinical signs and laboratory methods; 3) prevention and treatment: farm management, the use and development of antibiotics, bacteriophages, probiotics, disease-tolerant shrimp, shrimp immunity and vaccination; 4) epidemiology: AHPND’s geographic distribution, genotype, persistence in the environment, reservoir hosts, modes of transmission, risk factors, and economic impacts; 5) principles of control and eradication: methods for containment, mitigation and eradication of AHPND, and trade and industry considerations; and 6) policy development and implementation: AHPND-specific objectives, options and strategies for eradication and control, education, capacity building, funding, and compensation. -
Book (series)Working paperMapping influenza A(H5N1) virus transmission pathways and critical control points in Egypt 2013
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No results found.This report summarizes the results of a study undertaken in 2010 and 2011 to assess and map Influenza A (H5N1) virus transmission pathways in the poultry sector and critical control points along the poultry value chains in Egypt. In order to focus specifically on the factors that either increase the risk of spread of H5N1 HPAI disease or are critical in disease risk management, a risk pathways diagram is sketched to describe the pathways (transmission routes, carriers and mechanisms) for transmi tting virus from an infected node throughout the poultry value chain to disease-free premises. To assess the risk, the probability of virus movement into and from each point along the risk pathway and the impact of disease transmission from an infected node?? to the next node along the value chain were assessed separately. Estimates of probability and impact were based on revision of quantitative epidemiological data and descriptive information from various sources, such as FAO study reports, Ge neral Organization for Veterinary Services (GOVS) reports and scientific literature. To fully understand all factors that contribute to the risk of virus transmission and to gather real-time information on control measures, activities, and priorities and information about historical outbreaks of HPAI… -
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