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Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro) - 9 April 1999

KOSOVO CRISIS TO HAVE FAR-REACHING IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE FOOD SECURITY IN THE REGION







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    FAO/WFP CROP AND FOOD SUPPLY ASSESSMENT MISSION TO THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA (SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO) - 10 August 2000 2000
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    An FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission visited the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) (excluding the UN Administered Province of Kosovo) between 21 June and 7 July 2000. In view of the adverse agro-meteorological conditions in 1999/2000 which exacerbated the economic difficulties, the aim of the Mission was to conduct a thorough examination of the information about the expected production of wheat, appraise first-hand the standing foodcrops, forecast the 2000 harvest and assess the current and prospective food supply situation at the national level. Throughout its work, the Mission received assistance from the government, the Economics Institute, the Yugoslav Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the International Rescue Committee, and all UN agencies present. During its stay, the Mission made field visits to the Vojvodina, (Pancevo, Novi Sad, Stara Pazova, Zrenjanin, Kikinda, Kovacica, Konak, Mokrin, Jasatomic, Sid), and Central Serbia (Kraljevo valley, Kragujevac, Cuprija, Nis, Pirot, Zajecar, Vranje, Leskovac), visiting 40 out of the 160 municipalities in Serbia. These visits enabled the Mission to observe fields and talk with large and small scale farmers in different geographical, economic and organizational settings. Information on the harvest outlook in Montenegro, where cereal production is not significant, was obtained from in-country project staff. The agricultural sector in the country has been generally in decline since the early 1990's, but the 199 9/2000 cropping year was particularly difficult. Man-made and natural disasters, (sanctions, bomb damage, floods, water logging and drought), shortages of inputs, particularly fertilizer, but also fuel, and low prices have combined to reduce average yields. The yields of winter and spring cereals as well as fodder and industrial crops are expected to be lower than in 1999.
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    FAO/WFP CROP AND FOOD SUPPLY ASSESSMENT MISSION TO THE KOSOVO PROVINCE OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA - 30 August 1999 1999
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    In March 1999, an escalation of civil unrest in the Kosovo Province of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, which had been prevalent in some areas of the Province already since March 1998, led to a large scale exodus of refugees into neighbouring countries, and the internal displacement of the majority of the remaining population. By early June 1999, about 750 000 refugees had fled the Province to neighbouring countries, 150 000 people had been displaced to other parts of Serbia and Montenegro, a nd 600 000 people were displaced from their homes but remained in hiding within the Province. Events rapidly turned around after 10 June when a Military Technical Agreement was reached between the Government of the FRY and NATO, allowing the first Kosovo Force (KFOR) peace-keeping troop deployments into the Province to begin. UN humanitarian workers and convoys of relief supplies entered Kosovo shortly after. The turn of events in Kosovo inspired large-scale spontaneous returns of refugees beginning 14 June. In the first two weeks of this spontaneous return, over 415 000 Kosovo refugees returned by their own means and others through arranging buses from their camps. By late July, the total number of refugees who had returned to the Province stood at about 700 000.
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    FAO CROP ASSESSMENT MISSION TO THE KOSOVO PROVINCE OF THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF YUGOSLAVIA - 27 January 2000 2000
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    In August 1999, an FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessment Mission to the Kosovo Province of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia reported significant reduction in the Province's agricultural output in 1999 due to civil unrest, which had been prevalent in some areas since March 1998 but escalated throughout most of the Province in the period between March to early June 1999. The Mission noted that the losses incurred would have both nutritional and economic consequences for the population who woul d remain heavily reliant on external assistance to meet basic food needs at least until the spring of 2000. Reducing the dependence of the Kosovo population on food aid in 1999/2000 depends largely on the speed of recovery and rehabilitation in the agriculture sector. In June 1999 FAO established an Emergency Coordination Unit in Pristina to ensure that a coherent and technically sound agricultural assistance programme is implemented in Kosovo, through the coordination of the various partne rs involved in emergency agricultural relief operations. In addition, FAO initiated various project activities that address in a comprehensive manner the needs for assistance in the agricultural sector, including supply of fertilizer, wheat and vegetable seeds, fielding of agricultural experts, establishment of a seed quality control laboratory, repair of farm machinery and livestock vaccination.

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