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A remote sensing assessment for prioritizing microwatersheds for smallholders agrifood value chain development in the conflict context of Sudan

July 2025











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    Booklet
    Technical report
    A remote sensing assessment of cultivated cropland area in the Sudan during the summer season
    June to October 2024
    2025
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    Sudan’s rainfed agriculture is vital for food security but remains vulnerable to erratic rainfall, land degradation, and conflict. The lack of updated agricultural data further constrains accurate assessments and timely interventions. This study analyzes cropland extent and cultivated area trends from 2018 to 2024 using remote sensing, integrating biomass productivity, agricultural indices, rainfall data, and high-resolution imagery.The results indicate a 6.4 percent increase in total cultivated area for the 2024 summer season compared to the 2018–2022 baseline, reaching 19,148,190 hectares. This marks a strong recovery following a sharp 14.6 percent decline in 2023, when the cultivated area fell to 15,359,053 hectares.These findings offer valuable insights into long-term agricultural trends and contribute to crop type mapping, yield estimation, and evidence-based policy-making to enhance resilience and promote sustainable agricultural development in the face of environmental and socio-economic challenges.
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    Technical book
    South Sudan: The impact of conflict on food security and livelihoods
    DIEM-Impact report, January 2024
    2024
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    Food insecurity in South Sudan is driven by cascading shocks including conflict and insecurity, macro-economic crisis caused by the depreciation of the local currency, high inflation, conflict in the Sudan, climatic shocks (floods and dry spells), climate- and conflict-induced population displacement, persistent low agricultural production levels, and the cumulative effects of prolonged years of asset depletion that continue to erode the coping capacities of households and the loss of livelihoods. This DIEM-Impact assessment adopted qualitative research approaches and enabled an understanding of experiences, attitudes, behaviours and interactions in relation to conflict and food insecurity, and the impacts of floods in locations where they have been prevalent.The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) established Data in Emergencies Impact (DIEM-Impact) to provide a granular and rapid understanding of the impact of large-scale hazards on agriculture and agricultural livelihoods using a variety of assessment methodologies, including primary and secondary information, remote sensing technologies, and FAO’s damage and loss methodology. DIEM-Impact presents a regularly updated and accessible state of food insecurity in fragile environments and helps underpin FAO's programming based on evidence.
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    Book (stand-alone)
    Technical book
    Developing sustainable and resilient agrifood value chains in conflict-prone and conflict-affected contexts
    Practitioner guidelines for selection, analysis and design
    2023
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    Agrifood systems in the Near East and North Africa are characterized by increasingly degraded natural resources and vulnerability to climate change, rapid population growth and protracted crises. In addition, the region has been affected by conflict that has further exposed the fragilities and worsened the challenges already faced by communities. Conflict negatively affects the poverty rate, the economic capacity and functioning of agrifood value chains and people’s ability to produce, distribute and access food. In volatile operating environments, resources, government spending and private investment are frequently diverted or reduced, with lasting impact on agri-food value chains and consequently nutrition and food security. Uncertainties inherent to these contexts can further undermine the relevance, efficiency and effectiveness of agri-food value chain development interventions, programmes and projects. Investigating the connection between sustainable, resilient agrifood value chain development and the unique characteristics of the highly volatile situations in which they are operating, these practitioner guidelines propose a four-step approach for selection, analysis and design of agrifood value chains in conflict prone and conflict affected contexts. The approach aims to strengthen the resilience of agri-food value chains through systems-based solutions, adopting a context-sensitive programming approach and ensuring an adaptive programming effort through a Monitoring, Evaluation, Accountability and Learning (MEAL) framework, to facilitate testing and scaling-up.

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