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Book (stand-alone)Technical bookUSO DE ANTIMICROBIANOS EN ANIMALES DE CONSUMO
Incidencia del desarrollo de resistencias en salud pública
2004Also available in:
No results found.Eluso de antimicrobianos en animales de consumo es un asunto de gran interés para los diversos agentes interesados en los resultados y consecuencias de su aplicación: veterinarios, médicos, microbiólogos, autoridades sanitarias y de registro,industrias alimentarias y farmacéuticas, consumidores y la población en general. La utilización de antimicrobianos en animales es una causa de riesgos reales de generación de resistencias bacterianas y de eventual transmisión de organismos zoonóticos resiste ntes – o de determinantes genéticos de resistencia– al hombre. La importancia de este asunto ha conducido a tres organizaciones internacionales ( la FAO, la Oficina Internacional de Epizootias [ OIE] y la Organización Mundial de la Salud [ OMS]) a realizar recientemente dos talleres conjuntos con el objeto de formular recomendaciones para los países miembros. A la luz de los nuevos conocimientos sobre antibioticoterapia, resulta evidente la necesidad de difundir información sobre el uso de antim icrobianos, los nuevos antibióticos, los criterios para determinar susceptibilidad o resistencia a un grupo específico de medicamentos, los mecanismos y tipos de resistencias bacterianas, la farmacodinamia de los diversos agentes y la relación de ésta con las concentraciones del antimicrobianoin vitro e in vivo. En la presente publicación, se analizan de forma integral los conocimientos disponibles sobre el uso racional de los antimicrobianos. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical studyEl impacto de los piensos en la inocuidad de los alimentos
Informe de la Reunión Conjunta, FAO/OMS de Expertos, FAO, Roma, 8-12 de octubre de 2007
2008La Reunión de Expertos fue organizada por la División de Producción y Sanidad Animal y la División de Nutrición y Protección del Consumidor de la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Agricultura y la Alimentación (FAO), conjuntamente con el Departamento de Inocuidad de los Alimentos, Zoonosis y Enfermedades Transmitidas por los Alimentos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), con objeto de examinar el estado actual de conocimientos sobre los piensos y su impacto sobre la inocuidad alimentaria y el comercio internacional de alimentos y piensos, así como para proporcionar orientación y asesoramiento sobre esta materia a sus Estados Miembros y a los organismos internacionales. La Organización Mundial de Sanidad Animal (OIE) se sumó amablemente a este esfuerzo y constituyó un valioso recurso en todo momento. -
Book (stand-alone)Technical studyInternational trade in wild birds and related bird movements in Latin America and the Caribbean 2011
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The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus H5N1 has become a serious problem worldwide, causing a critical health situation. The annual movement of millions of live wild birds to meet the demand for international trade in pets and ornamental birds poses a serious risk of HPAI spread into new regions. This document presents the results of a study of trade in live wild birds in 33 countries of Latin America and the Caribbean, conducted within the framework of FAO’s technical assistance pro jects for the prevention of HPAI in the region. The study assesses the magnitude and dynamics of wild bird trade and the regulatory health conditions under which it takes place.
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food and Agriculture 2019
Moving forward on food loss and waste reduction
2019The need to reduce food loss and waste is firmly embedded in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Food loss and waste reduction is considered important for improving food security and nutrition, promoting environmental sustainability and lowering production costs. However, efforts to reduce food loss and waste will only be effective if informed by a solid understanding of the problem. This report provides new estimates of the percentage of the world’s food lost from production up to the retail level. The report also finds a vast diversity in existing estimates of losses, even for the same commodities and for the same stages in the supply chain. Clearly identifying and understanding critical loss points in specific supply chains – where considerable potential exists for reducing food losses – is crucial to deciding on appropriate measures. The report provides some guiding principles for interventions based on the objectives being pursued through food loss and waste reductions, be they in improved economic efficiency, food security and nutrition, or environmental sustainability. -
Book (series)Technical studySmall-scale aquaponic food production – Integrated fish and plant farming 2014This technical paper begins by introducing the concept of aquaponics, including a brief history of its development and its place within the larger category of soil-less culture and modern agriculture. It discusses the main theoretical concepts of aquaponics, including the nitrogen cycle and the nitrification process, the role of bacteria, and the concept of balancing an aquaponic unit. It then moves on to cover important considerations of water quality parameters, water testing, and water sourci ng for aquaponics, as well as methods and theories of unit design, including the three main methods of aquaponic systems: media beds, nutrient film technique, and deep water culture. The publication discusses in detail the three groups of living organisms (bacteria, plants and fish) that make up the aquaponic ecosystem. It also presents management strategies and troubleshooting practices, as well as related topics, specifically highlighting local and sustainable sources of aquaponic inputs. The publication also includes nine appendixes that present other key topics: ideal conditions for common plants grown in aquaponics; chemical and biological controls of common pests and diseases including a compatible planting guide; common fish diseases and related symptoms, causes and remedies; tools to calculate the ammonia produced and biofiltration media required for a certain fish stocking density and amount of fish feed added; production of homemade fish feed; guidelines and considerations fo r establishing aquaponic units; a cost–benefit analysis of a small-scale, media bed aquaponic unit; a comprehensive guide to building small-scale versions of each of the three aquaponic methods; and a brief summary of this publication designed as a supplemental handout for outreach, extension and education.
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Book (series)Technical studyThe impact of climate variability and extremes on agriculture and food security - An analysis of the evidence and case studies
Background paper for The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018
2020Also available in:
No results found.Global climate studies show that not only temperatures are increasing and precipitation levels are becoming more varied, all projections indicate these trends will continue. It is therefore imperative that we understand changes in climate over agricultural areas and their impacts on agriculture production and food security. This study presents new analysis on the impact of changing climate on agriculture and food security, by examining the evidence on recent climate variability and extremes over agricultural areas and the impact of these on agriculture and food security. It shows that more countries are exposed to increasing climate variability and extremes and the frequency (the number of years exposed in a five-year period) and intensity (the number of types of climate extremes in a five-year period) of exposure over agricultural areas have increased. The findings of this study are compelling and bring urgency to the fact that climate variability and extremes are proliferating and intensifying and are contributing to a rise in global hunger. The world’s 2.5 billion small-scale farmers, herders, fishers, and forest-dependent people, who derive their food and income from renewable natural resources, are most at risk and affected. Actions to strengthen the resilience of livelihoods and food systems to climate variability and extremes urgently need to be scaled up and accelerated.