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Policy briefPolicy briefLegal assessment brief in the framework of sustainable land management, sustainable forest management and climate smart agriculture in Myanmar 2021
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No results found.This brief has been prepared in the framework of the Project “Sustainable Cropland and Forest Management in Priority Agro-Ecosystems of Myanmar” (hereinafter ‘the Project’). The Project revolves around three key concepts that inform the adoption of related approaches to be promoted in Myanmar: Sustainable Land Management (SLM); Sustainable Forest Management (SFM), including Community Based Forest Management (CBFM); and Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA). In this regard, and considering that Output C1A of the Project´s aim is to support the development of a more enabling legal framework for SLM, CSA, and SFM in Myanmar, this brief aims to build on the ongoing policy debates in these areas, as well as on the work and experiences of the Project in the past 3 years, to contribute with suggestions and recommendations on how to enhance mechanisms leading to the mentioned policy goals. Additional support to this process was provided by the FAO-EU FIRST policy facilitation partnership. -
BookletCorporate general interestAssessing inclusive and participatory mapping for recognizing customary tenure systems in Myanmar 2021
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No results found.Vast amounts of land in Myanmar are not registered. All this land is, in fact, considered as being at the disposal of the Government of the Union of Myanmar, although communities claim it legitimately as customary land. In the absence of specific legal measures for the recognition and protection of community and/or village lands, these systems are under threat of alienation. The National Land Use Policy includes provisions for recognizing customary tenure, but there is currently a legal gap for customary land. Inclusive and participatory mapping could fill this gap and thereby contribute to securing legitimate tenure rights to land, fisheries and forests. Inclusive and participatory mapping of customary tenure has proven to be an effective tool in many countries across the world to empower indigenous peoples and local communities in view of claiming their tenure rights to land and other natural resources. For many it means literally "to be put on the map". Examples of participary mapping in the world and in Myanmar to strengthen customary tenure are assessed and recommendations for the future provided. -
Book (stand-alone)General interest bookThe usage of unmanned aerial vehicle technology in participatory land use planning and mapping 2020
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No results found.Participatory Land Use Planning (PLUP) requires the active involvement of the local stakeholders and the village tract communities. The use of Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in mapping and planning land uses, is an emerging and efficient technology for acquiring thematic spatial data for participatory land use planning and mapping at village or township levels. The use of UAVs was preferred for cost-effectively collecting quality geospatial data and information at very high resolution in a flexible, participatory and transparent manner in NyaungU and Kyaukpaduang townships at Village tract level. Data collected using the UAVs included; aerial imagery for mapping of village boundaries, land use, land cover, infrastructure, public facilities and utilities, point cloud data for creating digital terrain models. The same participatory procedures were used in the great delta of Ayeyarwady Region in Labutta Township and in the upland areas of Mindat and Kanteplet Townships in Chin State. The usage of UAV technology enhanced the participatory process by enabling identification of visible land use types, crop types, infrastructure, facilities and delineable boundaries by the local non-technical village participants. This information was used in the PLUP process at several stages namely; the preparation stage, Mapping existing land uses and other features (infrastructure, utilities, and facilities, delineating village boundary), Mapping of proposed land use sites, i.e. community forest sites, and delineating land tenure systems in the selected project sites.
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ProjectProgramme / project reportPurse seine and encircling net fishing operations in Senegal, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Ghana and Benin 1991
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No results found.With financial assistance from Denmark and in collaboration with the Republic of Benin, the Fisheries Department of FAO is implementing in West Africa a programme of small scale fisheries development, commonly called the IDAF Project. This programme is based upon an integrated approach involving production, processing and marketing of fish, and related activities; it also involves an active participation of the target fishing communities.This report is a working paper and the conclusions and recommendations are those considered appropriate at the time of preparation. The working papers have not necessarily been cleared for publication by the government(s) concerned nor by FAO. They may be modified in the light of further knowledge gained at subsequent stages of the Project and issued later in other series. The designations employed and the presentation of material do not imply the expression of any opinion on the part of FAO or a financing agency concerning the legal status of any country or territory, city or area, or concerning the determination of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Book (stand-alone)FAO journal
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms.