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Lithuania: Financing of Warehouse Receipts - Legal Review

Report N. 1 - October 2002









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    The Use of Warehouse Receipt Finance in Agriculture in Transition Countries 2013
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    This study discusses possibilities for warehouse receipt finance in the agribusiness sectors in Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA). Warehouse receipt financing is a proven instrument for allowing farmers, traders, processors and exporters to obtain finance secured by goods deposited in a warehouse. The warehouse operator issues a receipt for the stored goods, which can be used as a form of portable collateral to request a loan from a financial institution. Warehouse receipt financ ing is especially interesting for rural small and medium enterprises, which are often unable to secure their borrowing requirements owing to lack of sufficient conventional loan collateral. Warehouse receipt finance has a long tradition in many Western countries and in parts of the developing world, but in most ECA countries it has only been introduced since the collapse of the Soviet system. So far, results have been mixed and there remains considerable scope for enhancing warehouse receipt financing. Despite several donor-supported initiatives to introduce a legal framework and other elements of a warehouse receipt system, and practical applications of collateralized commodity financing by international and domestic banks in various ECA countries, little consolidated and up-to-date information is available on experiences, current status in different countries and lessons learned. This study contributes to closing the gap. Part 1 provides an overview of the dif ferent types and applications of warehouse receipt finance and discusses key issues and the core elements of a warehouse receipt financing system. Part 2 reviews experiences and the current status of warehouse receipt financing in a number of ECA countries and sets out possible areas for further support.
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    Viet Nam: business learns to engage with work in legal timber production and trade
    FAO-EU FLEGT PROGRAMME SUCCESS STORY
    2019
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    Viet Nam, a major timber importing and processing country, has seen exponential growth of its forest-based industries over the past decade. Besides importing timber from some 80 countries across Asia, Africa and South America, Viet Nam exports timber products worth USD 7 billion (all figures 2016) to major markets worldwide. That includes trade in timber products with the European Union (EU) worth USD 736 million. To expand trade and ensure access to the EU market, Viet Nam and the EU have developed a Voluntary Partnership Agreement (VPA). This legally binding bilateral trade agreement centers on implementation of Viet Nam’s Timber Legality Assurance System (VNTLAS) which defines and verifies legal timber and leads to Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) licenses that expedite access to the EU market. The broader objective of the VPA is to improve forest governance in Viet Nam, combat illegal logging, and promote trade in verified legal timber products.
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    Book (stand-alone)
    Crop receipts - A new financing instrument for Africa 2019
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    Crop receipts are a promising innovation in agricultural finance first developed in Brazil about 20 years ago and recently replicated in Eastern Europe. Crop Receipts allow farmers to obtain pre-harvest finance against a promise to produce a certain amount of crops, with their future farm production serving as main collateral. Taking inspiration from past successes, this study examines the scope for adapting crop receipts to the African context and for introducing them on a pilot basis. The study analysis of the evolution of crop receipts and explores opportunities, challenges and entry points for crop receipt in Africa. Crop receipt pilots in Uganda and Zambia are considered based on a detailed assessment of the legal frameworks, financial and agricultural sectors, and stakeholder consultations. The report closes with the main findings and offers some strategic and operational considerations for introducing crop receipt finance in Africa. The study was conducted by the FAO investment Centre within its partnership with the International Finance Corporation (IFC) with co-funding from the GAFSP Private Sector Window. While the primary objective of the study is to guide IFC in exploring concrete investment opportunities for piloting crop receipts, its findings and recommendations could be of interest to a broader set of stakeholders in agricultural finance and development.

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