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ArticleEconomic drivers of global fire activity: A critical review
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The special issue on Fire$: Economics and policy of global fire activities in the journal Forest Policy and Economics, was organized as part of the Task Force initiative of the International Union of Forest Research Organization (IUFRO). The special issue endeavored to provide specific and practical economic guidelines that help deal with the wicked problem of managing wildland fire risks with much needed insights from the global South. We present the critical review of economic drivers of global fire activities with the key insights from other papers in the special issue. Overall decline of global burned area paradoxically hides a number of economic realities that have increased the likelihood and costs of wildfire-caused disasters. We identified global patterns of worsening wildfire risks with the double-exposure to globalization and climate change. Current developments call for a paradigm shift in how we understand and manage wildfires to promote an adaptation-mitigation-resilience strategy. We propose expanding the science-policy interface to global scale with new indicators for assessing and communicating the impacts of global economic drivers on wildfire activities. We also identified the areas where research is lacking, highlighting future research areas in wildfire economics to advance effective, efficient, and equitable global governance of wildfires. Keywords: Wildfire economics; Disaster risk reduction; Altered fire regimes; Teleconnections; Global economy ID: 3485977 -
ArticleScientific basis of household practices in agroforestry homegardens: A case study in Matara district, Sri Lanka
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.Agroforestry in homegardens with high diversity of species which play main agro-ecological roles are complex and sustainable land use systems. Efforts are being made across the globe in valuing and protecting the age-old practices of agroforestry on scientific basis in homegardens. This study analysed the scientific basis of households’ practices in agroforestry homegardens in Matara district of Sri Lanka and develop strategies for the promotion of sustainable agroforestry homegardens. Selected households were interviewed measuring their concern using five point Likert scale, and analysed the qualitative data using non-parametric statistics. The study revealed that scientific basis of household practices in agroforestry homegardens are moderate in selection of appropriate trees and plants, and management of trees and plant health care. Households pay little concern on scientific basis in planning and site placement, land preparation and establishment of trees / crops, and implementing proper cultural practices. There is no significant correlation between scientific basis of practices in agroforestry in relation with size of home-gardens, educational level of households, and across the category of their occupations. Resources to use scientific knowledge in practice, and opportunity to improve scientific skills have moderate correlation significantly while availability of scientific information and access to scientific knowledge have significant but low correlation as applying knowledge on scientific basis by the households. The interest to acquire scientific knowledge, and sufficient time to improve scientific knowledge, and other reasons have no significant correlation with scientific basis of household practices. Carefully planned interventions including policy adjustments and effective extension programs for learning and experimenting couple with supportive programs would enhance scientific basis of household practices for agroforestry in homegardens. Key words: homegarden composition; plants selection; health-care management; resources use; agroforestry policy ID: 3620081 -
ArticleThe farmer with agroforestry practices might be the “next forester”?
XV World Forestry Congress, 2-6 May 2022
2022Also available in:
No results found.The main tropical Agro-Forestry Systems (AFS) are often complex, multi-stage and multi-species. Apart from home gardens intended for self-consumption, AFS are often based on a main crop with economic, or export value: rubber, coconut, cocoa, coffee, cloves, vanilla, damar, durian... with also local fruit trees, fast-growing fuelwood trees and timber trees for self-consumption or sale. This diversification in AFS focused on industrial crops, often comes after a period of deforestation since the end of the 19th century during the period of the colonial empires. Wood can also come from species used for services such as providing shade for coffee or cocoa trees. Wood species are also common in the local forest (Indonesia/Thailand), reflecting farmers' strategy of conserving local resources. In other cases, native species have almost entirely disappeared (e.g. clove AFS on the East Coast of Madagascar) in favor of introduced species. Sometime, the main crop is also a timber specie such a rubber (used for furniture), Durian, Litchi... Now that most forests have almost disappeared in central plains with easy access in Southeast Asia (with potential commercial value), timber from AFS is becoming a real challenge that depends mainly on tree tenure and local regulation. Today, the current demand for tropical wood has decreased considerably since the golden age of deforestation (1980/2010) due to resource depletion and a global demand towards products from dedicated plantations from Europe or elsewhere. The market has changed from a massive use of tropical timber for multiple purposes to a limited use for specific purposes. In this context, timber in AFS, often produced at marginal cost, can be an alternative to produce valuable timber. We consider in this sense that the farmer in tropical regions with agroforestry practices might be the “forester of the future”. Beside, AFS with timber might significantly contribute to positive externalities and eco- systemic services for a better sustainability. Keywords: agroforestry, forester, timber, diversification. ID 3639413
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