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Book (stand-alone)Field guide to the control of warmwater fish diseases in Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia 2019
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Due to the recent rapid development of freshwater aquaculture in the Caucasus Region, many new and previously known fish diseases have appeared. One of the most prominent features of the region’s aquaculture is that it is mostly based on the rearing of cyprinids, mainly the common carp (Cyprinus carpio), as well as a few other predatory fish species. As a result, this book focuses on the diseases that affect these and other important warmwater fish species. Although this field guide covers the diseases of warmwater fish of Central and Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia, it also draws upon the extensive knowledge base available for the countries of Central Europe and the former Soviet Union, as well as recent research findings from the Islamic Republic of Iran and from Turkey. The major warmwater fish species cultured in the region and their health status are discussed, and two major categories of disease are recognized: biotic and abiotic diseases. Although there are numerous biotic diseases, abiotic factors (e.g. lack of oxygen, temperature, feeding mistakes) remain the main cause of losses in aquaculture. The best practices for the field and laboratory examination of disease outbreaks are reviewed, and the importance of accurate and detailed data recording emphasized. Prevention as a key factor in avoiding the spread of disease is highlighted, and actions to prevent the spread of diseases between farms, regions, countries and continents are discussed. Possible methods for the treatment of each disease are reviewed; unfortunately, the chemicals available for use in aquaculture are now rather limited, as many of them are hazardous to both the environment and human health. Of the viral diseases discussed, spring viraemia of carp (SVC) and koi herpesvirus (KHV) pose the greatest threats to the world’s carp populations. Of the bacterial diseases, ulcer disease is still the main problem in carp culture, while among the parasites, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, the cause of white spot disease, is among the most important. Exotic parasites such as various Thelohanellus species, as well as tapeworms belonging to the genera Bothriocephalus and Khawia, are responsible for a considerable amount of damage. Some diseases of unknown aetiology are also discussed. -
ProjectResponse to Increased Livestock Disease Outbreaks in South Sudan - TCP/SSD/3702 2021
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No results found.In South Sudan, livestock provide food, income and security They also serve as a currency for payment of dowry, dispute settlement and, in the absence of an established banking sector, constitute a reliable means of securing assets In many cases, livestock represent the main source of livelihood, with any threat to livestock assets therefore undermining household food and nutrition security and socio economic welfare Around 80 percent of South Sudan’s population relies upon the country’s estimated 43 million heads of livestock, which include cattle, goats and sheep Meanwhile, according to estimates in August 2019 from the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification ( an estimated 6 35 million people 54 percent of the population) are classified as living in acute food insecurity (IPC Level 3 and above), of whom around 1 7 million were in a “Humanitarian emergency” situation (Level 4 and 10 000 in a state of “Famine/Humanitarian catastrophe”catastrophe”(Level 5 It was feared that rising livestock losses would lead to a further deterioration of the food security situation In late 2017 and early 2018 South Sudan experienced an outbreak of Rift Valley Fever ( resulting in the loss of over 2 000 cattle and at least five human fatalities, compounding the heavy rains and flooding experienced in areas of Lakes State This situation resulted in increased alerts across the country concerning livestock disease such as East Coast Fever, anthrax, blackleg and haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS). -
ProjectStrengthening the Regional Preparedness against Lumpy Skin Disease in Central Asia - TCP/SEC/3801 2024
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No results found.Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a vector-borne transboundary animal disease of bovines that causes severe economic losses to the cattle sector as a result of mortality, the decrease in milk production, severe damage to hides and trade restrictions. Originally restricted to Africa, around a decade ago LSD began to spread throughout the Middle East and into Türkiye, the Balkans, the Caucasus, the Russian Federation and Kazakhstan. More recently, the disease has emerged in East and South Asia, affecting some of the largest bovine producers in the world, such as China, India or Bangladesh. The risk of an imminent incursion into neighbouring and as yet unaffected countries is very high, particularly for those sharing borders and (both formal and informal) trade routes. This is the case for Central Asia, where countries such as Kyrgyzstan and Uzbekistan – which share borders with Kazakhstan – and Tajikistan have begun to plan vaccinations to prevent LSD incursions. In Central Asia, cattle are the most important livestock species and are key to rural areas. The spread of LSD would have a dramatic effect upon rural livelihoods, which remain highly dependent on cattle. The combined cattle population across the four countries is more than 15 million heads. Milk production, either for subsistence or income, is of particular concern.
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