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DocumentOther documentSocial Accounting Matrix (SAM) for analysing agricultural and rural development policies: Conceptual aspects and examples
Analytical Tools. EASYPol Module130
2012Also available in:
No results found.This document offers a methodological introduction to Social Accounting Matrices (SAMs) for analysing socio-economic impact of agricultural and rural development policies. Firstly, the concept and the structure of an SAM are presented. Next, the concept of policy "instrument" and "objective" variables are introduced and applied for SAM-based policy impact analysis. The module concludes by discussing the multipliers matrix as an instrument for analysing policy impact and presenting some examples -
Book (stand-alone)Technical reportReport of the regional consultation on advancement of rural women in the Beijing Plus 10 Era: policies and programmes 2004
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No results found.This report provides a synthesis of the country papers and recommendations presented at the above expert consultation, held from 31 August to 3 September 2004 in Vientiane, Lao People's Democratic Republic. Organized in collaboration with the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Government of Lao PDR, the consultation brought together gender experts from 11 Asian countries as well as development partners including Chulalongkorn University (Thailand), ILO, SEARSOLIN, UNESCAP and UNICEF. The meet ing came as the momentum gathered in the global development community to review the implementation of the 1995 Beijing Declaration and Platform of Action, signed by 189 governments, on the advancement of women. The report explores the achievements to date among participating countries and examines persisting impediments challenging women's progress in Asia, especially for women living in rural communities who have lagged behind. The recommendations identify policies, programmes and legislative measures to support the advancement of rural women in the region. -
DocumentOther documentCentral and Eastern Europe: Impact of Food Retail Investments on the Food Chain
Report N. 7 - February 2005
2005Also available in:
No results found.Recent studies have shown a dramatic rise of supermarkets in several developing regions around the world in only the past decade (Reardon and Berdegué, 2002; Reardon et al., 2003). The studies show that the rise of supermarkets have had a profound effect on agrifood systems via several important changes in the organisation and institutions of the food system, including centralisation of procurement from farmers, decline of traditional wholesale systems, and the rise of demanding private standard s for product quality and safety. The supply-side implications of these changes are emerging: the changes have taken a great toll on smaller and under-capitalised producers unable to meet the new requirements, with a resulting exclusion of many small producers, in addition to the creation of new local dynamic markets for local farmers (Reardon and Berdegué, 2002).
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Book (series)FlagshipThe State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021
Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all
2021In recent years, several major drivers have put the world off track to ending world hunger and malnutrition in all its forms by 2030. The challenges have grown with the COVID-19 pandemic and related containment measures. This report presents the first global assessment of food insecurity and malnutrition for 2020 and offers some indication of what hunger might look like by 2030 in a scenario further complicated by the enduring effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. It also includes new estimates of the cost and affordability of healthy diets, which provide an important link between the food security and nutrition indicators and the analysis of their trends. Altogether, the report highlights the need for a deeper reflection on how to better address the global food security and nutrition situation.To understand how hunger and malnutrition have reached these critical levels, this report draws on the analyses of the past four editions, which have produced a vast, evidence-based body of knowledge of the major drivers behind the recent changes in food security and nutrition. These drivers, which are increasing in frequency and intensity, include conflicts, climate variability and extremes, and economic slowdowns and downturns – all exacerbated by the underlying causes of poverty and very high and persistent levels of inequality. In addition, millions of people around the world suffer from food insecurity and different forms of malnutrition because they cannot afford the cost of healthy diets. From a synthesized understanding of this knowledge, updates and additional analyses are generated to create a holistic view of the combined effects of these drivers, both on each other and on food systems, and how they negatively affect food security and nutrition around the world.In turn, the evidence informs an in-depth look at how to move from silo solutions to integrated food systems solutions. In this regard, the report proposes transformative pathways that specifically address the challenges posed by the major drivers, also highlighting the types of policy and investment portfolios required to transform food systems for food security, improved nutrition, and affordable healthy diets for all. The report observes that, while the pandemic has caused major setbacks, there is much to be learned from the vulnerabilities and inequalities it has laid bare. If taken to heart, these new insights and wisdom can help get the world back on track towards the goal of ending hunger, food insecurity, and malnutrition in all its forms. -
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BookletCorporate general interestEmissions due to agriculture
Global, regional and country trends 2000–2018
2021Also available in:
No results found.The FAOSTAT emissions database is composed of several data domains covering the categories of the IPCC Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector of the national GHG inventory. Energy use in agriculture is additionally included as relevant to emissions from agriculture as an economic production sector under the ISIC A statistical classification, though recognizing that, in terms of IPCC, they are instead part of the Energy sector of the national GHG inventory. FAO emissions estimates are available over the period 1961–2018 for agriculture production processes from crop and livestock activities. Land use emissions and removals are generally available only for the period 1990–2019. This analytical brief focuses on overall trends over the period 2000–2018.