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Atlas of trends in pastoral systems in the Sahel 1970-2012

Information system on pastoralism in the Sahel












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    Atlas des évolutions des systèmes pastoraux au Sahel, 1970-2012
    Système d’information sur le pastoralisme au Sahel
    2012
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    Le présent Atlas fait la synthèse des informations disponibles sur les transformations des systèmes pastoraux au Sahel, collectées dans le contexte du SIPSA ou par d’autres initiatives. Partant d’une analyse des besoins en information conduite dans le cadre du SIPSA, l’atlas analyse les grandes tendances de l’élevage pastoral et de son contexte. Au regard des impacts des conditions climatiques sur les économies au Sahel, il apparait indispensable de disposer d’analyse prospective sur les différents secteurs des économies des pays du Sahel. Tel est le mérite de cet atlas, un excellent outil qui permettra la prise de décision fondée sur des bases objectives et assurera l’amélioration certaine de la gouvernance du secteur de l’élevage pastoral sahélien.
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    Ingenious agricultural heritage in cold oases connected to collective grazing areas (Haut Atlas, Maroc)
    Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS)
    2014
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    In the High Atlas mountains of Morocco, cold oases connected to rangelands and collective grazing areas have been created by Amazigh people despite extreme climate conditions. Throughout centuries of isolation, they have maintained their cultural heritage (agricultural, social, artisanal and linguistic). These people and their culture are today recognisd by the Moroccan Constitution as an integral part of national identity. Over many centuries, they have developed astute systems to manage natu ral resources, that are still in place today, to ensure food self sufficiency. Indeed, varieties of wheat, barley, corn, alfalfa, apricots, almonds… are exceptional, as well as varieties of aromatic and medicinal plants. There is also one bee species, and associated biodiversity (fishes (salmonids), mamals, reptiles…). The rational use of rangelands for grazing is well established; fertile areas (agdals) are controled by precise regulations dependent on rotational system (fallow time, and gra zing pressure limitation). Water management is controled by a local hydraulic and legal culture: century old conducts: khettaras, and customary right and institutions.
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