|
SUBSTANCE |
PREVIOUS ADI AND OTHER TOXICOLOGICAL
RECOMMENDATIONS |
PRESENT ADI AND OTHER TOXICOLOGICAL
RECOMMENDATIONS |
CURRENT CODEX STANDARDS |
|
Flavouring Agents |
|||
|
Furfural |
None |
0-0.5 mg/kg bw (group ADI)1 |
None |
|
Paprika oleoresin |
No ADI established |
Use of paprika oleoresin as a spice is
acceptable2 |
Pickled cucumbers, cheeses, fish |
|
Food Colours |
|||
|
Caramel colour II |
No ADI allocated |
0-160 mg/kg bw |
None |
|
Cochineal extract and carmines |
0-5 mg/kg bw |
may be alleregenic3 |
Yoghurts |
|
Sweetening Agents |
|||
|
Aspartame-acesulfame salt |
None for Aspartame-acesulfame salt |
Aspartame and acesulfame moieties are covered by the ADIs
established previously for aspartame (0-40 mg/kg bw) and acesulfame-K (0-15
mg/kg bw) |
None |
|
D-Tagatose |
None |
No ADI allocated4 |
None |
|
Miscellaneous Substances |
|||
|
Benzoyl peroxide |
Acceptable level of flour-treatment. Unconditional zone: 0-40
p.p.m. Conditional zone (for special purposes): 40-75 p.p.m. |
Additional uses could not be evaluated5 |
None |
|
Assessment of calcium intake from calcium salts of food
additives |
None |
Could not be assesssed6 |
None |
|
Nitrous oxide |
Acceptable as a propellant |
Use as a packaging gas could not be
assessed7 |
None |
|
Stearyl tartarate |
0-500 p.p.m. (Acceptable level of flour-treatment) |
Additional uses could not be evaluated5 |
None |
|
Trehalose |
None |
ADI "not specified"8 |
None |
|
Contaminants |
|||
|
Cadmium |
7 µg/kg bw (PTWI) |
7 µg/kg bw (PTWI) |
Under revision |
|
Tin |
14 mg/kg bw (PTWI) |
14 mg/kg bw (PTWI) |
Under revision |
1 Group ADI for furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furfuryl acetate, furfuryl propionate, furfuryl pentanoate, furfuryl octanoate, furfuryl 3-methylbutanoate, methyl 2-furoate, propyl 2-furoate, amyl 2-furoate, hexyl 2-furoate, and octyl 2-furoate.2 Paprika oleoresin was not evaluated at the present meeting. This opinion was based on the report of the fourteenth meeting of the Committee (WHO Technical Report Series, No. 462, 1971).
3 The committee concluded that cochineal extract, carmines, and possibly carminic acid in foods and beverages may provoke allergic reactions in some individuals.
4 An ADI could not be allocated because of concern about the potential of D-tagatose to induce glycogen deposition and hypertrophy in the liver and to increase the concentrations of uric acid in serum.
5 No conclusions could be drawn about the acceptability of the uses proposed in the draft General Standard for Food Additives of the Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants because information on toxicity and intake was not available.
6 Data on levels of use and the food groups in which calcium salts of food additives are permitted would be required to assess calcium intake from calcium salts of food additives.
7 No information on intake was available.
8 ADI "not specified" is applicable to a food substance of very low toxicity which, on the basis of the available data (chemical, biochemical, toxicological, and other), the total dietary intake of the substance arising from its use at the levels necessary to achieve the desired effect and from its acceptable background in food does not, in the opinion of the Committee, represent a hazard to health. For this reason, and for the reasons stated in the individual evaluation, the establishment of an ADI expressed in numerical form is not deemed necessary.
