N.B. For all tables, 'does not know' and 'no response' categories have been included in the calculations. When in a table the score on such a category is zero, it has been left out.
Table 1. Level of Education by Gender Group Members
|
Gender
|
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
No. |
% |
No. |
% |
No. |
% |
|
|
Level of Education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No Schooling |
8 |
10.8 |
1 |
1.7 |
9 |
6.8 |
|
1-3 Grade Primary |
8 |
10.8 |
8 |
13.8 |
16 |
12.1 |
|
4-6 Grade Primary |
26 |
35.1 |
18 |
31.0 |
44 |
33.3 |
|
7-10 Grade Secondary |
15 |
20.3 |
19 |
32.8 |
34 |
25.8 |
|
Ordinary Level |
14 |
18.9 |
11 |
19.0 |
25 |
19.0 |
|
Advanced Level |
3 |
4.1 |
1 |
1.7 |
4 |
3.0 |
|
University Grade |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Total |
74 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All respondentsTable 2. Level of Education Group Members by Division
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
No. |
% |
No. |
% |
No. |
% |
No. |
% |
|
|
Level of Education |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No Schooling |
2 |
3.8 |
5 |
8.6 |
2 |
9.5 |
9 |
6.8 |
|
1-3 Grade Primary |
4 |
7.6 |
11 |
19.0 |
1 |
4.8 |
16 |
12.1 |
|
4-6 Grade Primary |
19 |
35.8 |
23 |
39.7 |
2 |
9.5 |
44 |
33.3 |
|
7-10 Grade Secondary |
19 |
35.8 |
6 |
10.3 |
9 |
42.9 |
34 |
25.8 |
|
Ordinary Level |
8 |
15.1 |
13 |
22.4 |
4 |
19.0 |
25 |
19.0 |
|
Advanced Level |
1 |
1.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
14.3 |
4 |
3.0 |
|
University Grade |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Total |
53 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
21 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All respondentsTable 3. Age of Group Member by Gender of the Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
No. |
% |
No. |
% |
No. |
% |
No. |
% |
|
|
Age |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0-15 |
1 |
1.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
0.8 |
|
16-20 |
8 |
12.3 |
2 |
4.5 |
3 |
13.0 |
13 |
9.8 |
|
21-30 |
26 |
40.0 |
13 |
29.6 |
7 |
30.4 |
46 |
34.8 |
|
31-40 |
14 |
21.5 |
13 |
29.6 |
6 |
26.1 |
33 |
25.0 |
|
41-50 |
7 |
10.8 |
9 |
20.4 |
3 |
13.1 |
19 |
14.4 |
|
51 and above |
4 |
6.2 |
6 |
13.6 |
2 |
8.7 |
12 |
9.1 |
|
Does not know |
5 |
7.7 |
1 |
2.3 |
2 |
8.7 |
8 |
6.1 |
|
Total |
65 |
100.0 |
44 |
100.0 |
23 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
|
Average Age |
31 |
37 |
33 |
33 |
||||
n = all respondentsTable 4. Number of Children by Gender of the Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Number of children |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
2 |
4.4 |
2 |
6.1 |
1 |
7.1 |
5 |
5.4 |
|
1 |
3 |
6.7 |
5 |
15.2 |
1 |
7.1 |
9 |
9.8 |
|
2 |
12 |
26.7 |
3 |
9.1 |
2 |
14.3 |
17 |
18.5 |
|
3 |
13 |
28.9 |
9 |
27.3 |
3 |
21.4 |
25 |
27.2 |
|
4 |
6 |
13.3 |
4 |
12.1 |
4 |
28.6 |
14 |
15.2 |
|
5 |
1 |
2.2 |
7 |
21.2 |
1 |
7.1 |
9 |
9.8 |
|
6 |
1 |
2.2 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.1 |
|
7 |
1 |
2.2 |
3 |
9.1 |
1 |
7.1 |
5 |
5.4 |
|
8 |
2 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
2.2 |
|
9 |
1 |
2.2 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.1 |
|
No response |
3 |
6.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
7.1 |
4 |
4.4 |
|
Total |
45 |
100.0 |
33 |
100.0 |
14 1 |
100.0 |
92 |
100.0 |
|
Average Married Members* |
3.2 |
3.3 |
3.2 |
3.2 |
||||
|
Average All Members |
2.1 |
2.5 |
1.8 |
2.1 |
||||
n = All married (either registered or non-registered) respondents: none of the not married group members appeared to have children.Table 5. Size of the Household by Division
* Non response excluded.
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Number of household members |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
0.8 |
|
2 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
9.5 |
2 |
1.5 |
|
3 |
7 |
13.2 |
8 |
13.8 |
1 |
4.8 |
16 |
12.1 |
|
4 |
12 |
22.6 |
8 |
13.8 |
7 |
33.3 |
27 |
20.5 |
|
5 |
17 |
32.1 |
17 |
29.3 |
4 |
19.1 |
38 |
28.8 |
|
6 |
10 |
18.9 |
12 |
20.7 |
1 |
4.8 |
23 |
17.4 |
|
7 |
4 |
7.6 |
8 |
13.8 |
3 |
14.3 |
15 |
11.4 |
|
8 |
1 |
1.9 |
2 |
3.5 |
2 |
9.5 |
5 |
3.8 |
|
9 |
2 |
3.8 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.8 |
3 |
2.3 |
|
10 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
0.8 |
|
11 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
0.8 |
|
Total |
53 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
21 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
|
Average household size |
5.1 |
5.3 |
5.1 |
5.2 |
||||
n = All respondentsTable 6. Marital Status by Gender of the Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
|
|
Marital status |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Married* |
45 |
69.2 |
33 |
75.0 |
14 |
60.9 |
92 |
69.7 |
|
Not married |
20 |
30.8 |
11 |
25.0 |
9 |
39.1 |
40 |
30.3 |
|
Total |
65 |
100.0 |
44 |
100.0 |
23 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All respondentsTable 7. Married Group Members Cohabiting with Partner by Gender of the Group
* "Married" includes both registered and not registered marriages
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no. |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no. |
% |
|
|
Living with partner |
40 |
88.9 |
31 |
93.9 |
12 |
85.7 |
83 |
90.2 |
|
Not living with partner |
5 |
11.1 |
2 |
6.1 |
2 |
14.3 |
9 |
9.8 |
|
Total |
45 |
100.0 |
33 |
100.0 |
14 |
100.0 |
92 |
100.0 |
n = All married respondentsTable 8. Material of the Roof of the House by Division
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Material of the Roof |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
coconut leaves only |
17 |
32.1 |
25 |
43.1 |
2 |
9.5 |
44 |
33.3 |
|
combination of coconut leaves and straw/grass |
2 |
3.8 |
2 |
3.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
3.0 |
|
grass/straw only |
1 |
1.9 |
7 |
12.1 |
0 |
0.0 |
8 |
6.1 |
|
iron sheets only |
5 |
9.4 |
6 |
10.3 |
7 |
33.3 |
18 |
13.7 |
|
tiles only |
10 |
18.9 |
6 |
10.3 |
5 |
23.8 |
21 |
15.9 |
|
asbestos only |
1 |
1.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.8 |
2 |
1.5 |
|
combination of coconut leaves and iron sheets/ tiles/asbestos/ |
12 |
22.6 |
12 |
20.7 |
1 |
4.8 |
25 |
18.9 |
|
combination of straw/grass and iron sheets/tiles |
1 |
1.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.8 |
2 |
1.5 |
|
combination of ironsheets and tiles/asbestos |
4 |
7.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
19.0 |
8 |
6.1 |
|
Total |
53 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
21 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All respondentsTable 9. Number of Group Members who made Major Improvements to the House During the Past Three Years by Division
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
|
|
Improvements to the house were made |
23 |
43.4 |
25 |
43.1 |
13 |
61.9 |
61 |
46.2 |
|
No improvements to the house were made |
30 |
56.6 |
33 |
56.9 |
8 |
38.1 |
71 |
53.8 |
|
Total |
53 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
21 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All respondentsTable 10. Kind of Improvements made to the House by Division
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
|
|
Improvements new roof |
2 |
8.7 |
6 |
24.0 |
1 |
7.7 |
9 |
14.8 |
|
extra rooms |
10 |
43.5 |
7 |
28.0 |
3 |
23.1 |
20 |
32.8 |
|
new house |
3 |
13.0 |
9 |
36.0 |
4 |
30.8 |
16 |
26.2 |
|
fully renovated |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
8.0 |
1 |
7.7 |
3 |
4.9 |
|
renovated walls |
10 |
43.5 |
2 |
8.0 |
6 |
46.2 |
18 |
29.5 |
|
tiles/tin on part roof |
3 |
13.0 |
2 |
8.0 |
1 |
7.7 |
6 |
9.8 |
|
cemented part floor |
2 |
8.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
3.3 |
|
fixed doors and windows |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.6 |
|
repaired roof |
2 |
8.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
15.4 |
4 |
6.6 |
|
foundation for new rooms |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
No response |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.6 |
n = All respondents who have made major improvements to the house during the past 3 years.Table 11. Number of Rooms in the House by Division
Multiple response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
|
|
Number of Rooms |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
2 |
3.8 |
2 |
3.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
3.0 |
|
2 |
13 |
24.5 |
18 |
31.0 |
3 |
14.3 |
34 |
25.8 |
|
3 |
11 |
20.7 |
13 |
22.4 |
4 |
19.1 |
28 |
21.2 |
|
4 |
15 |
28.3 |
21 |
36.2 |
4 |
19.1 |
40 |
30.3 |
|
5 |
4 |
7.6 |
1 |
1.7 |
7 |
33.3 |
12 |
9.1 |
|
6 |
6 |
11.3 |
3 |
5.2 |
2 |
9.5 |
11 |
8.3 |
|
7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.7 |
1 |
0.8 |
|
8 |
2 |
3.8 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
1.5 |
|
Total |
53 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
21 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = all group membersTable 12. Status of the Toilet by Division
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Status Toilet |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
temporary toilet |
25 |
47.2 |
23 |
39.7 |
1 |
4.8 |
49 |
37.1 |
|
permanent toilet |
21 |
39.6 |
24 |
41.4 |
20 |
95.2 |
65 |
49.2 |
|
no toilet |
7 |
13.2 |
10 |
17.2 |
0 |
0.0 |
17 |
12.9 |
|
No response |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
0.8 |
|
Total |
35 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
21 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 13. Involvement of Group Members in Cultivation by Division
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
|||||
|
No. |
% |
No. |
% |
No. |
% |
No. |
% |
||
|
Group Members Involved in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Homegardening |
39 |
73.6 |
39 |
67.2 |
13 |
61.9 |
91 |
68.9 |
|
Maha 1989-90 Cultivation |
38 |
71.7 |
52 |
89.7 |
9 |
42.9 |
99 |
75.0 |
|
|
Yala 1989 Cultivation |
39 |
73.6 |
49 |
84.5 |
9 |
42.9 |
97 |
73.5 |
|
n = All Group MembersTable 14. Involvement of Group Members in Animal Husbandry by Division
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Group Member involved in animal husbandry |
20 |
37.7 |
15 |
25.9 |
11 |
52.4 |
46 |
34.9 |
|
Group Member not involved in animal husbandry |
33 |
62.3 |
43 |
74.1 |
10 |
47.6 |
86 |
65.1 |
|
Total |
53 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
21 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 15. Involvement of Group Members in Fishing by Division
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Group Member involved in fishing |
2 |
3.8 |
4 |
6.9 |
1 |
4.8 |
7 |
5.3 |
|
Group Member not involved in fishing |
51 |
96.2 |
54 |
93.1 |
20 |
95.2 |
125 |
94.7 |
|
Total |
53 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
21 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
N = All Group MembersTable 16. Involvement of Group Members in Honey Hunting by Division
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Group Member was involved in honey hunting |
9 |
17.0 |
5 |
8.6 |
0 |
0.0 |
14 |
10.6 |
|
Group Member was not involved in honey hunting |
44 |
83.0 |
53 |
91.4 |
21 |
100.0 |
118 |
89.4 |
|
Total |
53 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
21 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 17. Involvement of Group Members in Beekeeping by Division
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Group Member was involved in beekeeping |
4 |
7.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
9.5 |
6 |
4.5 |
|
Group Member was not involved in beekeeping |
46 |
86.8 |
58 |
100.0 |
19 |
90.5 |
123 |
93.2 |
|
No response |
3 |
5.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
2.3 |
|
Total |
53 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
21 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 18. Involvement of Group Members in making handicrafts or other products by Division
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Division |
Naula |
Dambulla |
Rattota |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Group Member is involved in making handicrafts or other products |
12 |
22.6 |
13 |
22.4 |
5 |
23.8 |
30 |
22.7 |
|
Group Member is not involved in making handicrafts or other products |
41 |
77.4 |
45 |
77.6 |
15 |
71.4 |
101 |
76.5 |
|
No response |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.8 |
1 |
0.8 |
|
Total |
53 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
21 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 19. Types of handicrafts or other products made in 1989 by gender
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Handicrafts/Products |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reed work (mats/tats/boxes) |
8 |
53.3 |
1 |
6.7 |
9 |
30.0 |
|
Artificial flowers |
3 |
20.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
10.0 |
|
Carpentry work (furniture/shelves/doors/windows/frames) |
2 |
13.3 |
4 |
26.7 |
6 |
20.0 |
|
Houses/roofs |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
26.7 |
4 |
13.3 |
|
Retail goods |
1 |
6.7 |
1 |
6.7 |
2 |
6.7 |
|
Dresses |
2 |
13.3 |
1 |
6.7 |
3 |
10.0 |
|
Lace |
2 |
13.3 |
1 |
6.7 |
3 |
10.0 |
|
Cigars |
1 |
6.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
3.3 |
|
Blacksmith work (knives/sickles) |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
6.7 |
1 |
3.3 |
|
Pottery |
2 |
13.3 |
2 |
13.3 |
4 |
13.3 |
|
Bricks |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
13.3 |
2 |
6.7 |
|
Food items |
1 |
6.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
3.3 |
n = All Group Members involved in making handicrafts or other productsTable 20. Type of Daily Wage Labour by Gender
Multiple response
* In sum 22.7% of all Group Members are involved in making handicrafts or other products, including 20.3% Female members and 25.9% of the Male members.
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Daily Wage Labour |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sawing timber |
1 |
3.6 |
1 |
3.2 |
2 |
3.4 |
|
Agricultural labourer |
27 |
96.4 |
27 |
87.1 |
54 |
91.5 |
|
Non-agricultural labourer |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
3.2 |
1 |
1.7 |
|
General Labourer |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
6.5 |
2 |
3.4 |
|
Total |
28 |
100.0 |
31 |
100.0 |
59 |
100.0 |
n= All Group Members who are daily wage labourerTable 21. Maintenance of Savings account at Present by Gender
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Group Member does maintain one or more savings accounts |
36 |
48.7 |
44 |
75.9 |
80 |
60.6 |
|
Group Member does not maintain a savings account |
38 |
51.3 |
14 |
24.1 |
52 |
39.4 |
|
Total |
74 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 22. Total number of savings accounts maintained by Gender
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Number of savings accounts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
27 |
75.0 |
29 |
65.9 |
56 |
70.0 |
|
2 |
6 |
16.7 |
12 |
27.3 |
18 |
22.5 |
|
3 |
1 |
2.8 |
3 |
6.8 |
4 |
5.0 |
|
No response |
2 |
5.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
2.5 |
|
Total |
36 |
100.0 |
44 |
100.0 |
80 |
100.0 |
n = All Group Members who maintain one or more savings accounts.Table 23.1. Place of savings account by amount for Female Group Members
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=36
|
Place savings account |
Rural Bank |
People's Bank |
Bank of Ceylon |
Sanase |
Savings Bank/Post Office |
Total |
||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Amount (Rs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 - 99 |
4 |
33.4 |
1 |
8.3 |
6 |
50.0 |
1 |
8.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
12 |
100.0 |
|
100 - 499 |
3 |
17.6 |
6 |
35.3 |
7 |
41.2 |
1 |
5.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
17 |
100.0 |
|
500 - + |
2 |
16.7 |
1 |
8.3 |
7 |
58.3 |
2 |
16.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
12 |
100.0 |
|
Does not know |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
|
No response |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
100.0 |
n = All Female Group Members who maintain one or more savings accountsTable 23.2. Place of savings account by amount for Male Group Members
Multiple response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=44
|
Place savings account |
Rural Bank |
People's Bank |
Bank of Ceylon |
Sanase |
Savings Bank/Post Office |
Total |
||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Amount (Rs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 - 99 |
3 |
10.7 |
6 |
21.4 |
17 |
60.7 |
1 |
3.6 |
1 |
3.6 |
28 |
100.0 |
|
100 - 499 |
1 |
5.0 |
7 |
35.0 |
7 |
35.0 |
5 |
25.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
20 |
100.0 |
|
500 - + |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
33.3 |
4 |
33.3 |
4 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
12 |
100.0 |
|
Does not know |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
100.0 |
n = All Male Group Members who maintain one or more savings accounts.Table 23.3. Place of savings account by amount for All Group Members
Multiple response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=80
|
Place savings account |
Rural Bank |
People's Bank |
Bank of Ceylon |
Sanase |
Savings Bank/Post Office |
Total |
||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Amount (Rs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 - 99 |
7 |
17.5 |
7 |
17.5 |
23 |
57.5 |
2 |
5.0 |
1 |
2.5 |
40 |
100.0 |
|
100 - 499 |
4 |
10.8 |
13 |
35.1 |
14 |
37.9 |
6 |
16.2 |
0 |
0.0 |
37 |
100.0 |
|
500 - + |
2 |
8.4 |
5 |
20.8 |
11 |
45.8 |
6 |
25.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
24 |
100.0 |
|
Does not know |
1 |
33.3 |
1 |
33.3 |
1 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
100.0 |
|
No response |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
100.0 |
n = All Group Members who maintain one or more savings accounts.Table 24. Bank Loans received in 1989 by Gender
Multiple response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender
|
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Group Member did receive one or more bank loans |
17 |
23.0 |
26 |
44.8 |
43 |
32.6 |
|
Group Member did not receive a bank loan |
57 |
77.0 |
32 |
55.2 |
89 |
67.4 |
|
Total |
74 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 25. Total number of Bank Loans received by Group Member in 1989 by Gender
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Total number of bank loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
15 |
88.2 |
16 |
61.5 |
31 |
72.1 |
|
2 |
2 |
11.8 |
9 |
34.6 |
11 |
25.6 |
|
3 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
3.9 |
1 |
2.3 |
|
Total |
17 |
100.0 |
26 |
100.0 |
43 |
100.0 |
n = All Group Members who received one or more bank loans in 1989Table 26.1. Source Bank Loans by amount for Female Group Members
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=17
|
Source of bank loan |
Agr.Serv. Centre |
Rural Bank |
People's Bank |
Bank of Ceylon |
Sanase Bank |
Hatton Bank |
Total |
|||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Amount (Rs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 - 99 |
1 |
20.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
40.0 |
2 |
40.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
5 |
100.0 |
|
1000 - 4999 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
28.6 |
8 |
57.1 |
2 |
14.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
14 |
100.0 |
|
5000 - + |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
n = All Female Group Members who received one or more bank loans in 1989.Table 26.2. Source Bank Loans by amount for Male Group Members
Multiple response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=26
|
Source of bank loan |
Agr.Serv. Centre |
Rural Bank |
People's Bank |
Bank of Ceylon |
Sanase Bank |
Hatton Bank |
Total |
|||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Amount (Rs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 - 999 |
1 |
9.1 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
8 |
72.7 |
2 |
18.2 |
0 |
0.0 |
11 |
100.0 |
|
1000 - 4999 |
1 |
5.0 |
1 |
5.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
11 |
55.0 |
7 |
35.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
20 |
100.0 |
|
5000 - + |
1 |
16.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
66.6 |
1 |
16.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
100.0 |
n = All Male Group Members who received one or more bank loans in 1989.Table 26.3. Source Bank Loans by amount for All Group Members
Multiple response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=43
|
Source of bank loan |
Agr.Serv. Centre |
Rural Bank |
People's Bank |
Bank of Ceylon |
Sanase Bank |
Hatton Bank |
Total |
|||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Amount (Rs) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 - 999 |
2 |
12.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
10 |
62.5 |
4 |
25.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
16 |
100.0 |
|
1000 - 4999 |
1 |
2.9 |
1 |
2.9 |
4 |
11.8 |
19 |
55.9 |
9 |
26.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
34 |
100.0 |
|
5000 - + |
1 |
16.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
66.7 |
1 |
16.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
100.0 |
n= All Group Members who received one or more bank loans in 1989Table 27. Involvement PPP in obtaining Bank Loans by Gender
Multiple response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
PPP did arrange for the bank loan |
14 |
82.3 |
17 |
65.4 |
31 |
72.1 |
|
PPP did not arrange for the bank loan |
1 |
5.9 |
7 |
26.9 |
8 |
18.6 |
|
PPP did arrange for some but not all bank loans |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
3.9 |
1 |
2.3 |
|
No response |
2 |
11.8 |
1 |
3.9 |
3 |
7.0 |
|
Total (n = 43) |
17 |
100.0 |
26 |
100.0 |
43 |
100.0 |
|
% All Group Members who received a loan through PPP (n=132) |
14 |
18.9 |
18 |
31.0 |
32 |
24.2 |
n = All Group Members who received one or more bank loans in 1989.Table 28. Non-Institutional Loans received in 1989 by gender
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Group Member did receive one or more non-institutional loan in 1989 |
36 |
48.7 |
35 |
60.3 |
71 |
53.8 |
|
Group Member did not receive an non-institutional loan in 1989 |
38 |
51.3 |
23 |
39.7 |
61 |
46.2 |
|
Total |
74 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 29. Total Number of Non-Institutional Loans received in 1989 by gender
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Total number of non-institutional loans received |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
13 |
36.1 |
12 |
34.3 |
25 |
35.2 |
|
2 |
6 |
16.7 |
8 |
22.8 |
14 |
19.7 |
|
3 |
4 |
11.1 |
2 |
5.7 |
6 |
8.5 |
|
4 |
5 |
13.9 |
3 |
8.6 |
8 |
11.3 |
|
5 |
3 |
8.3 |
3 |
8.6 |
6 |
8.5 |
|
6 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
8.6 |
3 |
4.2 |
|
7 |
2 |
5.6 |
2 |
5.7 |
4 |
5.6 |
|
8 and above |
3 |
8.3 |
2 |
5.7 |
5 |
7.0 |
|
Total |
36 |
100.0 |
35 |
100.0 |
71 |
100.0 |
n = All Group Members who received one or more non-inst. loans in 1989.Table 30. Group Membership of any other Society by Gender
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Group Member is member of any other society |
23 |
31.1 |
47 |
81.0 |
70 |
53.0 |
|
Group Member is not member of any other society |
48 |
64.9 |
10 |
17.3 |
58 |
44.0 |
|
No response |
3 |
4.0 |
1 |
1.7 |
4 |
3.0 |
|
Total |
74 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 31. Number of other Societies Group Member is Member of by Gender
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Number of Societies |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
15 |
65.2 |
23 |
49.0 |
38 |
54.3 |
|
2 |
6 |
26.1 |
14 |
29.8 |
20 |
28.6 |
|
3 |
1 |
4.4 |
5 |
10.6 |
6 |
8.6 |
|
4 |
0 |
0.0 |
5 |
10.6 |
5 |
7.1 |
|
No response |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Total |
23 |
100.0 |
47 |
100.0 |
70 |
100.0 |
n = All Group Members who are member of one or more other societies.Table 32.1. Total acreage by type of land cultivated during 1989-90 maha season for Female Respondents
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=45
|
Type of Land: |
Dry Land |
Canal Irrig. |
Pipe Irrig. |
Pump Irrig. |
Hand Irrig. |
Total |
||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Total Acreage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 0.25 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
0.25 - 0.49 |
2 |
5.1 |
1 |
10.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
4.5 |
|
0.50 - 0.99 |
8 |
20.5 |
4 |
40.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
33.3 |
10 |
22.2 |
|
1.00 - 1.99 |
14 |
35.9 |
2 |
20.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
13 |
28.9 |
|
2.00 - 2.99 |
9 |
23.1 |
1 |
10.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
66.7 |
10 |
22.2 |
|
3.00 - 3.99 |
5 |
12.8 |
1 |
10.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
13.3 |
|
4.00 - 4.99 |
1 |
2.6 |
1 |
10.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
6.7 |
|
5.00 - 6.99 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
2.2 |
|
7.00 - 9.99 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
10.00 and above |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
total |
38 |
100.0 |
10 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
100.0 |
45 |
100.0 |
n = all female respondents who were involved in 1989-90 maha cultivation.Table 32.2. Total acreage by type of land cultivated during 1989-90 maha season for Male Respondents
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=54
|
Type of Land:
|
Dry Land |
Canal Irrig. |
Pipe Irrig. |
Pump Irrig. |
Hand Irrig. |
Total |
||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Total Acreage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 0.25 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
0.25 - 0.49 |
3 |
6.4 |
3 |
12.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
16.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
3.7 |
|
0.50 - 0.99 |
11 |
23.4 |
11 |
44.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
7 |
13.0 |
|
1.00 - 1.99 |
15 |
31.9 |
9 |
36.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
19 |
35.2 |
|
2.00 - 2.99 |
13 |
27.7 |
1 |
4.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
19 |
35.2 |
|
3.00 - 3.99 |
2 |
4.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
7.4 |
|
4.00 - 4.99 |
1 |
2.1 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.8 |
|
5.00 - 6.99 |
1 |
2.1 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.8 |
|
7.00 - 9.99 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
10.00 and above |
1 |
2.1 |
1 |
4.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.8 |
|
Total |
47 |
100.0 |
25 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
54 |
100.0 |
n = all male respondents who were involved in 1989-90 maha cultivation.Table 32.3. Total acreage by type of land cultivated during 1989-90 maha season for All Respondents
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=99
|
Type of Land: |
Dry Land |
Canal Irrig. |
Pipe Irrig. |
Pump Irrig. |
Hand Irrig. |
Total |
||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Total Acreage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 0.25 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
0.25 - 0.49 |
5 |
5.8 |
4 |
11.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
16.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
4.0 |
|
0.50 - 0.99 |
19 |
22.1 |
15 |
42.8 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
33.3 |
1 |
33.3 |
17 |
17.2 |
|
1.00 - 1.99 |
29 |
33.7 |
11 |
31.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
32 |
32.3 |
|
2.00 - 2.99 |
22 |
25.6 |
2 |
5.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
66.7 |
9 |
29.3 |
|
3.00 - 3.99 |
7 |
8.1 |
1 |
2.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
10 |
10.2 |
|
4.00 - 4.99 |
2 |
2.3 |
1 |
2.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
4.0 |
|
5.00 - 6.99 |
1 |
1.2 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
2.0 |
|
7.00 - 9.99 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
10.00 and above |
1 |
1.2 |
1 |
2.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.0 |
|
Total |
86 |
100.0 |
35 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
100.0 |
3 |
100.0 |
99 |
100.0 |
n = all respondents who were involved in 1989-90 maha cultivation.Table 33.1. Total acreage by type of land cultivated during 1989 yala season for Female Respondents
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=46
|
Type of Land: |
Dry Land |
Canal Irrig. |
Pipe Irrig. |
Pump Irrig. |
Hand Irrig. |
Total |
||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Total Acreage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 0.25 |
1 |
3.7 |
1 |
5.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
2 |
4.3 |
|
0.25 - 0.49 |
5 |
18.5 |
3 |
17.6 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
8 |
17.4 |
|
0.50 - 0.99 |
6 |
22.2 |
7 |
41.2 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
12 |
26.1 |
|
1.00 - 1.99 |
11 |
40.8 |
3 |
17.6 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
17 |
36.9 |
|
2.00 - 2.99 |
3 |
11.1 |
2 |
11.8 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
5 |
10.9 |
|
3.00 - 3.99 |
1 |
3.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
2.2 |
|
4.00 - 4.99 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
5.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
2.2 |
|
5.00 - 6.99 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
7.00 - 9.99 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
10.00 and above |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Total |
27 |
100.0 |
17 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
100.0 |
2 |
100.0 |
46 |
100.0 |
n = all female respondents who were involved in 1989 yala cultivation.Table 33.2 Total Acreage by Type of Land cultivated during 1989 yala season for Male Respondents
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=51
|
Type of Land:
|
Dry Land |
Canal Irrig. |
Pipe Irrig. |
Pump Irrig. |
Hand Irrig. |
Total |
||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Total Acreage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 0.25 |
1 |
3.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
2.0 |
|
0.25 - 0.49 |
1 |
3.7 |
3 |
17.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
5.8 |
|
0.50 - 0.99 |
9 |
33.3 |
6 |
35.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
50.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
13 |
25.5 |
|
1.00 - 1.99 |
10 |
37.1 |
7 |
41.2 |
1 |
100.0 |
6 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
27 |
52.9 |
|
2.00 - 2.99 |
4 |
14.8 |
1 |
5.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
5 |
9.8 |
|
3.00 - 3.99 |
1 |
3.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
2.0 |
|
4.00 - 4.99 |
1 |
3.7 |
1 |
5.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
5.00 - 6.99 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
2.0 |
|
7.00 - 9.99 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
10.00 and above |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Total |
27 |
100.0 |
17 |
100.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
12 |
100.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
51 |
100.0 |
all male respondents who were involved in 1989 yala cultivation.Table 33.3 Total Acreage by Type of Land cultivated during 1989 yala season for All Respondents
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=97
|
Type of Land:
|
Dry Land |
Canal Irrig. |
Pipe Irrig. |
Pump Irrig. |
Hand Irrig. |
Total |
||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Total Acreage |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 0.25 |
2 |
3.7 |
1 |
2.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
6.2 |
1 |
33.3 |
3 |
3.1 |
|
0.25 - 0.49 |
6 |
11.1 |
6 |
17.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
33.3 |
11 |
11.3 |
|
0.50 - 0.99 |
15 |
27.8 |
13 |
38.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
7 |
43.8 |
1 |
33.3 |
25 |
25.8 |
|
1.00 - 1.99 |
21 |
38.9 |
10 |
29.4 |
1 |
100.0 |
8 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
44 |
45.4 |
|
2.00 - 2.99 |
7 |
13.0 |
3 |
8.8 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
10 |
10.3 |
|
3.00 - 3.99 |
2 |
3.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
2.1 |
|
4.00 - 4.99 |
1 |
1.8 |
1 |
2.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.0 |
|
5.00 - 6.99 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.0 |
|
7.00 - 9.99 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
10.00 and above |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Total |
54 |
100.0 |
17 |
100.0 |
1 |
0.0 |
16 |
100.0 |
3 |
100.0 |
97 |
100.0 |
n= all respondents who were involved in 1989 yala cultivation.Table 34.1. Purpose maha 1989-90 crops: home consumption, selling, and both home consumption and selling by Female Respondents
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=45
|
purpose crop:
|
No. growers |
home consumption only |
sold only |
home consumption and sold |
purpose not reported |
|||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Crops |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Coconut |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
|
Jackfruit |
2 |
100.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
|
Mango |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Orange |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Lime |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Clove |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0. |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
|
Banana |
2 |
100.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Cocoa |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Coffee |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Pepper |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Cashew |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Casava |
9 |
100.0 |
4 |
44.4 |
1 |
11.1 |
4 |
44.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Mung bean |
6 |
100.0 |
3 |
50.0 |
2 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
16.7 |
|
Long bean |
16 |
100.0 |
6 |
37.5 |
3 |
18.8 |
7 |
43.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Batu* |
10 |
100.0 |
4 |
40.0 |
3 |
30.0 |
3 |
30.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Cowpea |
10 |
100.0 |
7 |
70.0 |
1 |
10.0 |
1 |
10.0 |
1 |
10.0 |
|
Okra |
8 |
100.0 |
3 |
37.5 |
2 |
25.0 |
3 |
37.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Soya |
2 |
100.0 |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Winged bean |
4 |
100.0 |
2 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
|
Chillie |
18 |
100.0 |
8 |
44.4 |
3 |
16.7 |
7 |
38.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Paddy |
12 |
100.0 |
11 |
91.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
8.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Green bean |
21 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
11 |
52.4 |
10 |
47.6 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Maize |
27 |
100.0 |
10 |
37.0 |
8 |
29.7 |
9 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Sweet Potato |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Millet |
12 |
100.0 |
10 |
83.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
16.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Peanut |
8 |
100.0 |
3 |
37.5 |
3 |
37.5 |
1 |
12.5 |
1 |
12.5 |
|
Sesame |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Tomato |
8 |
100.0 |
3 |
37.5 |
3 |
37.5 |
2 |
25.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Pumpkin |
5 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
40.0 |
3 |
60.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Tobacco |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Bittergourd |
3 |
100.0 |
1 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
66.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Spinache |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Wetakulu** |
4 |
100.0 |
2 |
50.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Curry chillies |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Mustard |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Knokol*** |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Red onion |
3 |
100.0 |
2 |
66.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
33.3 |
|
Cucumber |
3 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
67.7 |
1 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Yam |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Cabbage |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Raddish |
1 |
100.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Bushitavo |
1 |
100.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Thanahal**** |
1 |
100.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Snakegourd |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Carrot |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
n = all female respondents who were involved in 1989-90 maha cultivation.Table 34.2. Purpose maha 1989-90 crops: homeconsumption, selling, and both homeconsumption and selling by Male Respondents
Multiple Response. * Batu is a small type of aubergine. ** Knokol is a kind of radish. *** Wetakulu is a 'gourd' type of vegetable. **** Tanahal is a medicinal herb.
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=54
|
purpose crop:
|
No. growers |
home consumption only |
sold only and sold |
home consumption |
purpose not reported |
|||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Crops |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Coconut |
5 |
100.0 |
1 |
20.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
20.0 |
3 |
60.0 |
|
Jackfruit |
3 |
100.0 |
1 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
66.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Mango |
3 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
33.3 |
1 |
33.3 |
1 |
33.3 |
|
Orange |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Lime |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
|
Clove |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Banana |
5 |
100.0 |
1 |
20.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
80.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Cocoa |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Coffee |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
|
Pepper |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
|
Cashew |
4 |
100.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
50.0 |
|
Casava |
5 |
100.0 |
2 |
40.0 |
0 |
00.0 |
3 |
60.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Mung bean |
6 |
100.0 |
2 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
66.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Long bean |
17 |
100.0 |
5 |
29.4 |
4 |
23.5 |
7 |
41.2 |
1 |
5.9 |
|
Batu |
10 |
100.0 |
4 |
40.0 |
2 |
20.0 |
4 |
40.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Cowpea |
13 |
100.0 |
7 |
53.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
46.2 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Okra |
8 |
100.0 |
4 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Soya |
2 |
100.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
|
Winged bean |
4 |
100.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
75.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Chillie |
29 |
100.0 |
5 |
17.2 |
5 |
17.2 |
19 |
65.6 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Paddy |
32 |
100.0 |
27 |
84.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
12.5 |
1 |
3.1 |
|
Green bean |
30 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
22 |
73.3 |
6 |
20.0 |
2 |
6.7 |
|
Maize |
22 |
100.0 |
8 |
36.4 |
7 |
31.8 |
7 |
31.8 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Sweet Potato |
2 |
100.0 |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Millet |
14 |
100.0 |
13 |
92.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
7.1 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Peanut |
4 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
50.0 |
2 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Sesame |
2 |
100.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Tomato |
8 |
100.0 |
6 |
75.0 |
1 |
12.5 |
1 |
12.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Pumpkin |
3 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
66.7 |
1 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Tobacco |
4 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Bittergourd |
3 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Spinache |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
|
Wetakulu |
4 |
100.0 |
2 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Curry chillies |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Mustard |
2 |
100.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Knokol |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Red onion |
2 |
100.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Cucumber |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Yam |
1 |
100.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Cabbage |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Raddish |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Bushitavo |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Thanahal |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Snakegourd |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
|
Carrot |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
n = all male respondents who were involved in 1989-90 maha cultivation. Multiple Response.Table 34.3. Purpose maha 1989-90 crops: homeconsumption, selling, and both homeconsumption and selling by All Respondents
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
n=99
|
purpose crop:
|
No. growers |
home consumption only |
sold only |
home consumption and sold |
purpose not reported |
|||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Crops |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Coconut |
6 |
100.0 |
1 |
16.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
16.7 |
4 |
66.7 |
|
Jackfruit |
5 |
100.0 |
4 |
80.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
20.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Mango |
4 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
2 |
50.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
|
Orange |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Lime |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
|
Clove |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
|
Banana |
7 |
100.0 |
2 |
28.6 |
0 |
0.0 |
5 |
71.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Cocoa |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Coffee |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
|
Pepper |
4 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
2 |
50.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
|
Cashew |
4 |
100.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
50.0 |
|
Casava |
14 |
100.0 |
6 |
42.9 |
1 |
7.1 |
7 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Mung bean |
12 |
100.0 |
5 |
41.7 |
2 |
16.7 |
4 |
33.3 |
1 |
8.3 |
|
Long bean |
33 |
100.0 |
11 |
33.3 |
7 |
21.2 |
14 |
42.4 |
1 |
3.1 |
|
Batu |
20 |
100.0 |
8 |
40.0 |
5 |
25.0 |
7 |
35.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Cowpea |
23 |
100.0 |
14 |
60.9 |
1 |
4.4 |
7 |
30.4 |
1 |
4.3 |
|
Okra |
16 |
100.0 |
7 |
43.8 |
2 |
12.5 |
7 |
43.8 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Soya |
4 |
100.0 |
3 |
75.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
|
Winged bean |
8 |
100.0 |
3 |
37.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
50.0 |
1 |
12.5 |
|
Chillie |
47 |
100.0 |
13 |
27.7 |
8 |
17.0 |
26 |
55.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Paddy |
44 |
100.0 |
38 |
86.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
5 |
11.4 |
1 |
2.2 |
|
Green bean |
51 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
33 |
64.7 |
16 |
31.4 |
2 |
3.9 |
|
Maize |
49 |
100.0 |
18 |
36.7 |
15 |
30.6 |
16 |
32.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Sweet Potato |
2 |
100.0 |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Millet |
26 |
100.0 |
23 |
88.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
11.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Peanut |
12 |
100.0 |
3 |
25.0 |
5 |
41.7 |
3 |
25.0 |
1 |
8.3 |
|
Sesame |
2 |
100.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
1 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Tomato |
16 |
100.0 |
9 |
56.3 |
4 |
25.0 |
3 |
18.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Pumpkin |
8 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
50.0 |
4 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Tobacco |
5 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
5 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Bittergourd |
6 |
100.0 |
1 |
16.7 |
3 |
50.0 |
2 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Spinache |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
|
Wetakulu |
8 |
100.0 |
4 |
50.0 |
1 |
12.5 |
3 |
37.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Curry chillies |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Mustard |
3 |
100.0 |
1 |
33.3 |
1 |
33.3 |
1 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Knokol |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Red onion |
5 |
100.0 |
3 |
60.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
20.0 |
1 |
20.0 |
|
Cucumber |
3 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
67.7 |
1 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Yam |
1 |
100.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Cabbage |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Raddish |
1 |
100.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Bushitavo |
1 |
100.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Thanahal |
1 |
100.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Snakegourd |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
|
Carrot |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
n = all respondents who were involved in 1989-90 maha cultivation. Multiple Response.Table 35. Experimentation with Crops during Maha 1989-90 and/or Yala 1989 Seasons by Gender
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Respondent did experiment with new crops |
13 |
24.1 |
19 |
32.8 |
32 |
28.6 |
|
Respondent did not experiment with new crops |
41 |
75.9 |
39 |
67.2 |
80 |
71.4 |
|
Total |
54 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
112 |
100.0 |
n = all respondents who were involved in maha 1989-90 and/or yala 1989 cultivation.Table 36. Sources of Information in Agricultural Experimentation by Gender
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Sources of Information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
PPP (Group Organizer, or Group Member) |
5 |
38.5 |
8 |
42.1 |
13 |
40.6 |
|
Department of Agriculture |
4 |
30.8 |
8 |
42.1 |
12 |
37.5 |
|
Friends, Villagers, Land Owner or Self Knowledge |
6 |
46.2 |
6 |
31.6 |
12 |
37.5 |
n = all respondents who tried-out new crops during 1989-90 maha and/or 1989 yala seasons.Table 37. Involvement of Respondent as Agricultural Labourer During 1989 by Gender
Multiple Response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Respondent was agricultural labourer during 1989 |
27 |
36.5 |
27 |
46.6 |
54 |
40.9 |
|
Respondent was not agricultural labourer during 1989 |
47 |
63.5 |
31 |
53.4 |
78 |
59.1 |
|
Total |
74 |
100.0 |
58 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = all respondentsTable 38. Places of Work Agricultural Labour by Gender
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender |
Female |
Male |
Total |
|||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Place of work: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Own village |
25 |
92.6 |
25 |
92.6 |
50 |
92.6 |
|
Neighbouring villages |
2 |
7.4 |
6 |
22.2 |
8 |
14.8 |
|
Other areas* |
1 |
3.7 |
2 |
7.4 |
3 |
5.6 |
n = all respondents who were agricultural labourers during 1989.Table 39.1. Number of Days Worked as Agricultural Labourer during 1989 by Type of Agricultural Operation for Female Respondents
Multiple response (with a maximum of two possibilities per respondent).
* All "other areas" mentioned were part of the Mahaweli irrigation system area.
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Number of days:
|
1-10 |
11-20 |
21-30 |
31-40 |
41-50 |
51-100 |
101-+ |
Total |
||||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
| Types of agr. operation | ||||||||||||||||
|
Landpreparation |
5 |
29.4 |
5 |
29.4 |
1 |
5.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
11.7 |
1 |
5.9 |
2 |
11.7 |
17 |
100 |
|
Seeding |
6 |
75.0 |
1 |
12.5 |
1 |
12.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
8 |
100 |
|
Transplanting |
9 |
52.9 |
4 |
23.5 |
3 |
17.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
5.9 |
17 |
100 |
|
Weeding |
8 |
80.0 |
2 |
20.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
10 |
100 |
|
Spraying |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
100 |
|
Harvesting |
10 |
52.6 |
5 |
26.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
5.3 |
2 |
10.5 |
1 |
5.3 |
19 |
100 |
|
Others |
4 |
66.7 |
2 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
100 |
|
All Operations |
4 |
14.8 |
9 |
33.3 |
3 |
11.1 |
2 |
7.4 |
1 |
3.7 |
3 |
11.1 |
5 |
18.5 |
27 |
100 |
n = all female respondents who worked as agricultural labourer during 1989.Table 39.2. Number of Days Worked as Agricultural Labourer during 1989 by Type of Agricultural Operation for Male Respondents
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Number of days
|
1-10 |
11-20 |
21-30 |
31-40 |
41-50 |
51-100 |
101-+ |
Total |
||||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Types of agric. operation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Land preparation |
11 |
45.8 |
5 |
20.8 |
4 |
16.7 |
2 |
8.3 |
1 |
4.2 |
1 |
4.2 |
0 |
0.0 |
24 |
100 |
|
Seeding |
8 |
80.0 |
1 |
10.0 |
1 |
10.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
10 |
100 |
|
Transplanting |
8 |
100.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
8 |
100 |
|
Weeding |
3 |
33.3 |
4 |
44.4 |
1 |
11.1 |
1 |
11.1 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
9 |
100 |
|
Spraying |
3 |
75.0 |
1 |
25.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
100 |
|
Harvesting |
5 |
38.4 |
4 |
30.8 |
2 |
15.4 |
1 |
7.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
7.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
13 |
100 |
|
Others |
4 |
66.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
33.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
100 |
|
All Operations |
5 |
18.5 |
7 |
26.0 |
1 |
3.7 |
4 |
14.8 |
2 |
7.4 |
5 |
18.5 |
3 |
11.1 |
27 |
100 |
n = all male respondents who worked as agricultural labourer during 1989.Table 39.3. Number of Days Worked as Agricultural Labourer during 1989 by Type of Agricultural Operation for All Respondents
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Number of days |
1-10 |
11-20 |
21-30 |
31-40 |
41-50 |
51-100 |
101-+ |
Total |
||||||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Types of agric. operation: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Land preparation |
16 |
39.0 |
10 |
24.4 |
6 |
14.6 |
2 |
4.9 |
3 |
7.3 |
2 |
4.9 |
2 |
4.9 |
41 |
100 |
|
Seeding |
14 |
77.8 |
2 |
11.1 |
2 |
11.1 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
18 |
100 |
|
Transplanting |
17 |
68.0 |
4 |
16.0 |
3 |
12.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.0 |
25 |
100 |
|
Weeding |
11 |
57.9 |
6 |
31.6 |
1 |
5.3 |
1 |
5.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
19 |
100 |
|
Spraying |
3 |
60.0 |
1 |
20.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
20.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
5 |
100 |
|
Harvesting |
15 |
46.9 |
9 |
28.1 |
2 |
6.3 |
1 |
3.1 |
1 |
3.1 |
3 |
9.4 |
1 |
3.1 |
32 |
100 |
|
Others |
8 |
66.7 |
2 |
16.7 |
2 |
16.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
12 |
100 |
|
All Operations |
9 |
16.7 |
16 |
29.6 |
4 |
7.4 |
6 |
11.1 |
3 |
5.6 |
8 |
14.8 |
8 |
14.8 |
54 |
100 |
n = all respondents who worked as agricultural labourer during 1989.Table 40. Status Group Membership as per March 1990 by Village Cluster
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Is Group Member still member:
|
Yes |
No |
Total |
||||
|
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
no. |
% |
||
|
AGA division village cluster |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Naula
|
Karawilahena |
5 |
5.38 |
2 |
5.13 |
7 |
5.30 |
|
Maragamauwa |
8 |
8.60 |
1 |
2.56 |
9 |
6.82 |
|
|
Bowatennewatte |
6 |
6.45 |
4 |
10.26 |
10 |
7.58 |
|
|
Kumbiyangahaela |
21 |
22.58 |
6 |
15.38 |
27 |
20.45 |
|
|
sub-total |
40 |
43.01 |
13 |
33.33 |
53 |
40.15 |
|
|
(sub-rowpercentage |
75.47 |
24.53 |
100.00) |
||||
|
Dambulla |
Menikdenneyaya |
4 |
4.30 |
0 |
0.00 |
4 |
3.03 |
|
Digampataha |
9 |
9.68 |
5 |
12.82 |
14 |
10.61 |
|
|
Pekulame |
5 |
5.38 |
6 |
15.38 |
11 |
8.33 |
|
|
Tittawelgolla |
4 |
4.30 |
3 |
7.69 |
7 |
5.30 |
|
|
Wewelawewa |
10 |
10.75 |
1 |
2.56 |
11 |
8.33 |
|
|
Unapanduruyaya |
8 |
8.60 |
3 |
7.69 |
11 |
8.33 |
|
|
sub-total |
40 |
43.01 |
18 |
46.15 |
58 |
43.94 |
|
|
(sub-row percentage |
68.97 |
31.03 |
100.00) |
||||
|
Rattota |
Welangahawatte |
9 |
9.68 |
6 |
15.38 |
15 |
11.36 |
|
Wanaraniya |
4 |
4.30 |
2 |
5.13 |
6 |
4.54 |
|
|
sub-total |
13 |
13.98 |
8 |
20.51 |
21 |
15.91 |
|
|
(sub-row percentage |
61.90 |
38.10 |
100.00) |
||||
|
Total |
93 |
100.00 |
39 |
100.00 |
132 |
100.00 |
|
|
(row percentage |
70.45 |
29.55 |
100.00) |
||||
n = All Group MembersTable 41. Status Group Activities during 1989 Yala Season by Gender of the Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Groups with activities during yala 1989 |
40 |
61.5 |
26 |
59.1 |
15 |
65.2 |
81 |
61.4 |
|
Groups without activities during yala 1989 |
22 |
33.9 |
18 |
40.9 |
8 |
34.8 |
48 |
36.3 |
|
No response |
3 |
4.6 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
2.3 |
|
Total |
65 |
100.0 |
44 |
100.0 |
23 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = all Group MembersTable 42. Status group activities during 1989-90 maha season by Gender of the Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Groups with activities during maha 1989-90 |
28 |
43.1 |
23 |
52.3 |
13 |
56.5 |
64 |
48.5 |
|
Groups without activities during maha 1989-90 |
29 |
44.6 |
21 |
47.7 |
9 |
39.1 |
59 |
44.7 |
|
Does not know |
8 |
12.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
9 |
6.8 |
|
Total |
65 |
100.0 |
44 |
100.0 |
23 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 43. Group Activities During 1989 Yala Season by Gender of the Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Labour pooling on indiv. land |
25 |
62.5 |
11 |
42.3 |
8 |
53.3 |
44 |
54.3 |
|
Group cultivation/cultivation |
24 |
60.0 |
17 |
65.4 |
10 |
66.7 |
51 |
63.0 |
|
Demonstration plots |
2 |
5.0 |
1 |
3.9 |
3 |
20.0 |
6 |
7.4 |
|
Purchase/selling consumer items |
4 |
10.0 |
1 |
3.9 |
1 |
6.7 |
6 |
7.4 |
|
Group social activities |
7 |
17.5 |
11 |
42.3 |
1 |
6.7 |
19 |
23.5 |
|
Savings activities |
8 |
20.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
13.3 |
10 |
12.4 |
|
Labour contract work |
4 |
10.0 |
2 |
7.7 |
1 |
6.7 |
7 |
8.6 |
|
Livestock activities |
2 |
5.0 |
1 |
3.9 |
1 |
6.7 |
4 |
4.9 |
|
Small industries |
1 |
2.5 |
1 |
3.9 |
1 |
6.7 |
3 |
3.7 |
|
Digging wells/construction coir pit |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
3.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.2 |
|
Preparing irrigation channels |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
6.7 |
1 |
1.2 |
|
Construction of new houses |
1 |
2.5 |
3 |
11.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
4.9 |
|
Does not know |
1 |
2.5 |
1 |
3.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
2.5 |
|
No response |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
3.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.2 |
n = all Group Members with group activities during yala 1989.Table 44. Group Activities during 1989-90 maha season by Gender of the Group
Multiple Response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Labour pooling on indiv. land |
15 |
53.6 |
3 |
13.0 |
7 |
53.9 |
25 |
39.1 |
|
Group cultivation/cultivation |
12 |
42.9 |
14 |
60.9 |
6 |
46.2 |
32 |
50.0 |
|
Demonstration plots |
10 |
35.7 |
7 |
30.4 |
5 |
38.5 |
22 |
34.4 |
|
Purchase/selling consumer items |
4 |
14.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
15.4 |
6 |
9.4 |
|
Obtaining loans |
1 |
3.6 |
1 |
4.4 |
1 |
7.7 |
3 |
4.7 |
|
Group social activities |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
26.1 |
3 |
23.1 |
9 |
14.1 |
|
Savings activities |
6 |
21.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
15.4 |
8 |
12.5 |
|
Labour contract work |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
2 |
15.4 |
3 |
4.7 |
|
Purchase/selling agr. inputs |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.6 |
|
Livestock activities |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
8.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
3.1 |
|
Small industries |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.6 |
|
Cleaning agr. produce |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.6 |
|
Digging wells/construction coir pit |
1 |
3.6 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.6 |
|
Chasing wild elephants |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.6 |
|
Solving land problems |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.6 |
|
Preparing irrigation channels |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.6 |
|
Construction of new houses |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
8.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
3.1 |
|
Does not know |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.6 |
n = All Group Members with group activities during yala 1989.Table 45. Status of planned future Group Activities by Gender of the Group
Multiple Response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Future activities were planned |
29 |
44.6 |
23 |
52.3 |
13 |
56.5 |
65 |
49.2 |
|
Future activities were not planned |
23 |
35.4 |
15 |
34.1 |
8 |
34.8 |
46 |
34.9 |
|
Does not know |
13 |
20.0 |
6 |
13.6 |
2 |
8.7 |
21 |
15.9 |
|
Total |
65 |
100.0 |
44 |
100.0 |
23 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 46. Future Group activities planned by Gender of the Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Activities planned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Labour pooling on indiv. land |
9 |
31.0 |
2 |
8.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
11 |
16.9 |
|
Group cultivation/cultivation |
20 |
69.0 |
16 |
69.6 |
11 |
84.6 |
47 |
72.3 |
|
Demonstration plots |
1 |
3.5 |
4 |
17.4 |
2 |
15.4 |
7 |
10.8 |
|
Purchase/selling consumer items |
1 |
3.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
7.7 |
2 |
3.1 |
|
Obtaining loans |
5 |
17.2 |
3 |
13.0 |
2 |
15.4 |
10 |
15.4 |
|
Group social activities |
1 |
3.5 |
2 |
8.7 |
1 |
7.7 |
4 |
6.2 |
|
Savings activities |
5 |
17.2 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
9.2 |
|
Labour contract work |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.5 |
|
Purchase/selling agr. inputs |
2 |
6.9 |
3 |
13.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
5 |
7.7 |
|
Marketing agr. produce |
1 |
3.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.5 |
|
General knowledge/development |
1 |
3.5 |
3 |
13.0 |
2 |
15.4 |
6 |
9.2 |
|
Livestock activities |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
1 |
7.7 |
2 |
3.1 |
|
Small industries |
4 |
13.8 |
2 |
8.7 |
1 |
7.7 |
7 |
10.8 |
|
Obtaining tubewells/latrines |
1 |
3.5 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
3.1 |
|
Starting a fishpond |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
13.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
4.6 |
|
Solving land problems |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.5 |
|
Preparing irrigation channels |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
7.7 |
1 |
1.5 |
|
Construction of new houses |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.5 |
n = All Group Members who reported planned future group activities.Table 47. Type of Group Activities to Accumulate the Group Funder by Gender of the Group
Multiple response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Activities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Labour pooling on indiv. land |
1 |
3.9 |
2 |
10.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
5.7 |
|
Group cultivation/cultivation |
12 |
46.2 |
13 |
68.4 |
4 |
50.0 |
29 |
54.7 |
|
Purchase/selling consumer items |
5 |
19.2 |
1 |
5.3 |
1 |
12.5 |
7 |
13.2 |
|
Savings activities |
8 |
30.8 |
3 |
15.8 |
1 |
12.5 |
12 |
22.6 |
|
Labour contract work |
5 |
19.2 |
1 |
5.3 |
1 |
12.5 |
7 |
13.2 |
|
Marketing agr. produce |
1 |
3.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.9 |
|
Small industries |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
15.8 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
5.7 |
|
No response |
2 |
7.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
12.5 |
3 |
5.7 |
n = All Group Members who reported group activities to accumulate the group fund during the past 3 years.Table 48. Maintenance of Group Fund by Gender of the Group
Multiple Response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Groups with a group fund |
53 |
81.5 |
43 |
97.7 |
22 |
95.6 |
118 |
89.4 |
|
Groups without a group fund |
8 |
12.3 |
1 |
2.3 |
1 |
4.4 |
10 |
7.6 |
|
No response |
4 |
6.2 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
4 |
3.0 |
|
Total |
65 |
100.0 |
44 |
100.0 |
23 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 49. Status of Repayment of Internal Loans by Gender of the Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Experienced default |
16 |
30.2 |
12 |
27.9 |
5 |
22.7 |
33 |
28.0 |
|
Did not experience default |
34 |
64.1 |
30 |
69.8 |
16 |
72.7 |
80 |
67.8 |
|
Does not know |
3 |
5.7 |
1 |
2.3 |
1 |
4.6 |
5 |
4.2 |
|
Total |
53 |
100.0 |
43 |
100.0 |
22 |
100.0 |
118 |
100.0 |
n = All Group Members who reported to maintain a group fund.Table 50. Total amount in default per group by Gender of the Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Total amount in default |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than Rs200 |
5 |
31.2 |
2 |
16.7 |
2 |
40.0 |
9 |
27.3 |
|
Rs 200 - Rs 499 |
6 |
37.5 |
2 |
16.7 |
2 |
40.0 |
10 |
30.3 |
|
Rs 500 - Rs 999 |
1 |
6.3 |
6 |
50.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
7 |
21.2 |
|
Rs1000 - Rs1999 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Rs2000 and above |
2 |
12.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
6.1 |
|
Does not know |
1 |
6.3 |
2 |
16.7 |
1 |
20.0 |
4 |
12.1 |
|
No response |
1 |
6.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
3.0 |
|
Total |
16 |
100.0 |
12 |
100.0 |
5 |
100.0 |
33 |
100.0 |
n = All Group Member who reported default on (internal) loans to Group Members.Table 51. Status of Training Received Through The Project By Gender Of The Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
No training |
24 |
36.9 |
17 |
38.6 |
11 |
47.8 |
52 |
39.4 |
|
One training |
16 |
24.6 |
12 |
27.3 |
1 |
4.4 |
29 |
22.0 |
|
Two trainings |
9 |
13.8 |
4 |
9.1 |
6 |
26.1 |
19 |
14.4 |
|
Three trainings |
10 |
15.4 |
5 |
11.4 |
3 |
13.0 |
18 |
13.6 |
|
Four trainings |
4 |
6.2 |
6 |
13.6 |
2 |
8.7 |
12 |
9.1 |
|
Participated in training but frequency not reported |
2 |
3.1 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
1.5 |
|
Total |
65 |
100.0 |
44 |
100.0 |
23 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 52. Subjects Of Training Received Through The Project By Gender Of The Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Training subjects |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cultivation |
25 |
61.0 |
21 |
77.8 |
9 |
75.0 |
55 |
68.8 |
|
Group issues/PPP/Village Board |
9 |
22.0 |
9 |
33.3 |
4 |
33.3 |
22 |
27.5 |
|
Health (incl. malaria) |
5 |
12.2 |
6 |
22.2 |
2 |
16.7 |
13 |
16.3 |
|
Waterpump operation |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
3.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.3 |
|
Home-economics/sewing flower and brick making |
2 |
4.9 |
1 |
3.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
3.8 |
|
Animal husbandry |
9 |
22.0 |
3 |
11.1 |
1 |
8.3 |
13 |
16.3 |
|
Mushroom cultivation |
4 |
9.8 |
1 |
3.7 |
2 |
16.7 |
7 |
8.8 |
|
Preparing soya food |
9 |
22.0 |
1 |
3.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
10 |
12.5 |
|
Beekeeping |
1 |
2.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
8.3 |
2 |
2.5 |
|
Farm mechanics |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
3.7 |
2 |
16.7 |
3 |
3.8 |
|
Credit issues |
1 |
2.4 |
1 |
3.7 |
1 |
8.3 |
3 |
3.8 |
|
Accounting |
2 |
4.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
2.5 |
|
Tree crop cultivation |
1 |
2.4 |
1 |
3.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
2.5 |
|
Does not know |
1 |
2.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.3 |
|
No response |
2 |
4.9 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
2.5 |
n = All Group Members who have received training through the ProjectTable 53. Subjects Of Training Requested By Group Members By Gender Of The Group
Multiple response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Training Subjects |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cultivation |
35 |
53.9 |
30 |
68.2 |
15 |
65.2 |
80 |
60.6 |
|
Health issues |
1 |
1.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
2 |
1.5 |
|
Waterpump operation/repair |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
4.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
1.5 |
|
Handicrafts/industries |
12 |
18.5 |
11 |
25.0 |
6 |
26.1 |
29 |
22.0 |
|
Trade/business |
2 |
3.1 |
1 |
2.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
2.3 |
|
Animal husbandry |
20 |
30.8 |
7 |
15.9 |
2 |
8.7 |
29 |
22.0 |
|
Mushroom cultivation |
1 |
1.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
2 |
1.5 |
|
Beekeeping |
3 |
4.6 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
2.3 |
|
Farm mechanics |
1 |
1.5 |
3 |
6.8 |
2 |
8.7 |
6 |
4.5 |
|
Windmills |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
1 |
0.8 |
|
Processing agricultural produce |
1 |
1.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
0.8 |
|
Does not know |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
2.3 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
0.8 |
|
No response |
4 |
6.2 |
2 |
4.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
4.5 |
n = All Group MembersTable 54. Board Membership by Gender of the Group
Multiple response (with a maximum of two answers per respondent).
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Member has been board member |
43 |
66.2 |
39 |
88.6 |
20 |
87.0 |
102 |
77.3 |
|
Member has not been board member |
21 |
32.3 |
5 |
11.4 |
3 |
13.0 |
29 |
22.0 |
|
Does not know |
1 |
1.5 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
0.7 |
|
Total |
65 |
100.0 |
44 |
100.0 |
23 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 55. Date Of Last Board Election By Gender Of The Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Date of last election |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Before 1988 |
3 |
4.6 |
3 |
6.8 |
0 |
0.0 |
6 |
4.5 |
|
During 1988 |
10 |
15.4 |
9 |
20.5 |
2 |
8.7 |
21 |
15.9 |
|
January - June 1989 |
11 |
16.9 |
4 |
9.1 |
2 |
8.7 |
17 |
12.9 |
|
July - December 1989 |
5 |
7.7 |
6 |
13.6 |
2 |
8.7 |
13 |
9.8 |
|
January - March 1990 |
14 |
21.5 |
9 |
20.5 |
13 |
56.5 |
36 |
27.3 |
|
Does no know |
22 |
33.9 |
13 |
29.5 |
4 |
17.4 |
39 |
29.6 |
|
Total |
65 |
100.0 |
44 |
100.0 |
23 |
100.0 |
132 |
100.0 |
n = All Group MembersTable 56. Fields Of Assistance Provided By The Village Board By Gender Of The Group
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Fields of Assistance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supply agricultural inputs/implements |
7 |
28.0 |
7 |
30.4 |
3 |
27.3 |
17 |
28.8 |
|
Gaining land/land permits |
2 |
8.0 |
3 |
13.0 |
3 |
27.3 |
8 |
13.6 |
|
Organizing training |
13 |
52.0 |
9 |
39.1 |
3 |
27.3 |
25 |
42.4 |
|
Advice/assist/solving problems SFGs |
6 |
24.0 |
5 |
21.7 |
6 |
54.6 |
17 |
28.8 |
|
Organize savings/loan supply and repayment |
3 |
12.0 |
4 |
17.4 |
5 |
45.5 |
12 |
20.3 |
|
Organize supply houses/toilets |
1 |
4.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.7 |
|
Organize agricultural activities |
1 |
4.0 |
2 |
8.7 |
1 |
9.1 |
4 |
6.8 |
|
Organize village development |
2 |
8.0 |
3 |
13.0 |
1 |
9.1 |
6 |
10.2 |
|
Engage in the marketing of agricultural produce |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.7 |
|
Organize health activities |
1 |
4.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
3.4 |
|
Obtain government services/ facilities |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
8.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
3.4 |
|
Encourage (self)employment |
1 |
4.0 |
2 |
8.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
5.1 |
|
Supply meals |
1 |
4.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.7 |
|
Conduct English language classes |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Provide animals for livestock |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.7 |
|
Supply stationary for official matters |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
n = all group members who are aware of the existence of the Village Board.Table 57. Duties Of The Village Board According To Group Members By Gender Of The Group
Multiple response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
|
Gender of the Group |
Female |
Male |
Mixed |
Total |
||||
|
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
no |
% |
|
|
Duties of the Village Board |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supply agricultural inputs/implements |
6 |
24.0 |
3 |
13.0 |
2 |
18.2 |
11 |
18.6 |
|
Gaining land/land permits |
3 |
12.0 |
4 |
17.4 |
1 |
9.1 |
8 |
13.6 |
|
Organizing training |
5 |
20.0 |
6 |
26.1 |
2 |
18.2 |
13 |
22.0 |
|
Advice/assist/solving problems SFGs |
12 |
48.0 |
13 |
56.5 |
5 |
45.5 |
30 |
50.9 |
|
Organize savings/loan supply |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and repayment |
6 |
24.0 |
7 |
30.4 |
3 |
27.3 |
16 |
27.1 |
|
Organize supply houses/toilets |
1 |
4.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
9.1 |
2 |
3.4 |
|
Organize agricultural activities |
1 |
4.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
3.4 |
|
Organize village development |
3 |
12.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
5.1 |
|
Engage in the marketing of agricultural produce |
1 |
4.0 |
2 |
8.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
3 |
5.1 |
|
Organize health activities |
1 |
4.0 |
1 |
4.4 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
3.4 |
|
Obtain government services/ facilities |
1 |
4.0 |
5 |
21.7 |
3 |
27.3 |
9 |
15.3 |
|
Encourage (self)employment |
2 |
8.0 |
2 |
8.7 |
2 |
18.2 |
6 |
10.2 |
|
Supply meals |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Conduct English language classes |
1 |
4.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Provide animals for livestock |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Supply stationary for official matters |
1 |
4.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
0 |
0.0 |
1 |
1.7 |
|
Does not know |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
8.7 |
0 |
0.0 |
2 |
3.4 |
n = all group members who are aware of the existence of the Village Board.
Multiple response
Source: Resource-Base Survey, 1990.
