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WHO/FNU/FOS/95.3
APPLICATION OF RISK ANALYSIS TO FOOD STANDARDS ISSUES Report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation Geneva, Switzerland |
© World Health Organization 1995 |
This document is not a formal publication of the World Health Organization (WHO), and all rights are reserved by the Organization. The document may, however, be freely reviewed, abstracted, reproduced and translated, in part or in whole, but not for sale nor for use in conjunction with commercial purposes. The views expressed in documents by named authors are solely the responsibility of those authors. |
Ce document n'est pas une publication officielle de I'Organisation mondiale de la Samé (OMS) et tous les droits y aftérents sont réservés par l'Organisation. S'il peut être commenté, résumé, reproduit ou traduit, partiellement ou en totalité, il ne saurait cependant I'être pour la vente ou à des fins commerciales. Les opinions exprimées dans les documents par des auteurs cités nommément n'engagent que lesdits auteurs. |
3.2 Definitions of risk analysis terms related to food safety
4. CURRENT PRACTICES IN THE CODEX ALIMENTARIUS COMMISSION AND RELATED EXPERT COMMITTEES
5. RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL AGENTS IN FOOD
5.3.1 Dose-response extrapolation
6. RISK ASSESSMENT OF BIOLOGICAL AGENTS IN FOOD
6.2 Risk assessment of biological hazards
6.3 Risk assessment of bacterial hazards
6.4 Risk assessment of other biological hazards
6.5 Role of the CAC in risk assessment of biological hazards
7. UNCERTAINTY AND VARIABILITY IN THE RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS
7.2 Uncertainty versus variability
7.3 Model uncertainty versus input (parameter) uncertainty
7.3.2 Methods for addressing model uncertainty
7.3.3 Methods for representing and propagating input variance
7.4 Uncertainty and variability in hazard identification
7.5 Uncertainty and variability in hazard characterization
8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
ANNEX 2 List of Working Papers
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS |
|
ADI |
Acceptable Daily Intake |
ALARA |
as low as reasonably achievable |
BHA |
butylated hydroxyanisole |
CAC |
Codex Alimentarius Commission |
CCFAC |
Codex Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants |
CCFH |
Codex Committee on Food Hygiene |
CCFICS |
Codex Committee on Import and Export Food Inspection and Certification Systems |
CCMH |
Codex Committee on Meat Hygiene |
CCPR |
Codex Committee on Pesticide Residues |
CCRVDF |
Codex Committee on Residues of Veterinary Drugs in Foods |
EMDI |
Estimated Maximum Daily Intake |
EPA |
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency |
FAO |
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |
FDA |
U.S. Food and Drug Administration |
GAP |
Good Agricultural Practice |
GEMS/Food |
Joint UNEP/FAO/WHO Food Contamination and Monitoring Programme |
GLP |
Good Laboratory Practices |
GPVD |
Good Practice in the Use of Veterinary Drugs |
GSC |
General Standard for Contaminants |
GSFA |
General Standard for Food Additives |
HACCP |
Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point |
ICMSF |
International Commission on Microbiological Specifications for Food |
JECFA |
Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives |
JMPR |
Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues |
MRL |
Maximum Residue Limit |
MTD |
Maximum Tolerated Dose |
NGOs |
nongovernmental organizations |
NOAEL |
no-observed-adverse-effect level |
NOEL |
no-observed-effect level |
NRC |
U.S. National Research Council |
OECD |
Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development |
PMTDI |
Provisional Maximum Tolerable Daily Intake |
PTWI |
Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake |
QA |
Quality Assurance |
QC |
Quality Control |
SPS Agreement | Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures |
TBT Agreement |
Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade |
TMDI |
Theoretical Maximum Daily Intake |
WHO |
World Health Organization |
WTO |
World Trade Organization |