Appendix

Table A1. Livestock numbers by region - Ivory Coast

		1965/66	1967/68	1969a	1973ab
Northc
	sheep	150 000	88 000	58 080	170 051
	goats	200 000	16 000	115 725	139 091
Central
	sheep	291 000	357 000	360 115	191 649
	goats	280 000	298 000	300 000	140 494
West-Central
	sheep	60 000	52 000	52 513	129 805
	goats	110 000	67 000	66 828	123 470
East, West, South
	sheep	213 000	301 000	328 389	231 972
	goats	245 000	313 200	295 376	163 095
Total
	sheep	714 000	798 000	799 097	723 477
	goats	835 000	694 200	777 929	566 150

a. The administrative boundaries of the regions were changed between 1969 and 1973.
b. The 1973 figures refer to the traditional sector only (units of less than 100 ha).
c. The North Region is considered non-humid; all others are in the humid zone.

Sources: For 1965-1969, Ivory Coast, Ministère de la Production Animale; for 1973, Recensement national, Table 4.7.0.

Table A2. Livestock numbers by region - Nigeria

		1965		1966		1967		1968
		June	Dec.	June	Dec.	June	Dec.	June	Dec.
Western
	sheep	683 000	888 000	837 000	1 790 000	526 000	724 000	511 000	711 000
	goats	1 616 000	2 090 000	1 904 000	2 150 000	1 789 000	2 086 000	1 450 000	1 995 000
Mid-West
	sheep	166 000	190 000	101 000	109 000	106 000	146 000	26 000	43 000
	goats	586 000	773 000	799 000	836 000	543 000	718 000	355 000	442 000
Eastern
	sheep	893 000	1 100 000	906 000	838 000	-	-	-	-
	goats	3 137 000	3 924 000	3 390 000	3 519 000	-	-	-	-
National total
	sheep	7 278 000	9 020 000	9 725 000	9 585 000	-	-	-	-
	goats	20 385 000	24 776 000	26 302 000	28 371 000	-	-	-	-

Source: Rural economic survey of Nigeria 1972.

Table A3. National livestock numbers, 1967-73 - Nigeria

	1967	1968	1969	1970	1971	1972	1973
Sheep	8 100 000	8 125 000	8 100 000	8 100 000	8 150 000	7 700 000	7 550 000
Goats	23 500 000	25 000 000	23 000 000	23 400 000	23 700 000	22 660 000	22 400 000
Total	31 600 000	33 125 000	31 100 000	31 500 000	31 850 000	30 360 000	29 950 000

Source: ECA, African statistical yearbook, various years.

Table A4. Livestock numbers by region - Ghana

		1969	1970	1971	1972	1973	1974	1975
Uppera
	sheep	217 020	191 042	187 882	218 990	233 776	251 774	241 303
	goats	204 503	214 828	196 261	197 723	234 617	229 924	230 238
Northerna
	sheep	169 634	162 749	154 531	160 155	165 166	181 097	224 388
	goats	162 304	151 175	138 040	154 476	153 107	166 879	214 615
Brong Ahafoa
	sheep	65 948	66 815	72 137	76 676	79 014	80 035	80 089
	goats	49 427	31 211	54 972	53 335	55 483	56 510	67 246
Ashanti
	sheep	14 306	30 288	25 105	48 491	68 554	81 308	106 700
	goats	8 584	25 191	12 184	23 458	38 837	49 346	63 617
Eastern
	sheep	18 067	18 067	17 488	17 488	29 009	45 415	42 756
	goats	14 246	14 246	13 289	13 289	22 686	44 533	39 499
Greater Accra
	sheep	6 562	6 562	11 296	9 530	12 277	15 127	22 291
	goats	3 141	3 141	7 582	7 740	10 104	10 215	13 857
Volta
	sheep	57 244	71 300	82 570	109 353	118 228	76 403	84 574
	goats	35 024	48 570	47 645	88 543	98 578	62 165	82 358
Central
	sheep	101 949	102 241	102 673	101 207	105 393	106 778	38 433
	goats	103 885	104 864	102 929	101 492	100 222	102 209	32 813
Western
	sheep	30 479	27 011	61 499	62 579	61 627	64 299	65 233
	goats	11 555	11 847	30 038	27 936	28 578	22 313	34 805
Total
	sheep	681 209	676 075	715 181	804 469	873 044	902 236	905 767
	goats	592 669	605 073	602 940	667 992	742 212	744 114	779 084

a. Upper, Northern and Brong Ahafo Regions are considered non-humid; all others are in the humid zone.

Source: Ghana, Veterinary Services Department, Annual Livestock Censuses.

Table A5. National livestock numbers, 1969-74 - Togo

	1969	1970	1971	1972	1973	1974
Sheep	588 807	619 096	492 726	1 320 000	1 296 923	1 420 000
Goats	514 680	546 995	479 223	1 320 000	1 296 923	1 420 000

Source: Togo, Ministère de Développement Rural, Direction de la Production Animale.

Table A6. Livestock numbers by region and percentage of national population, 1971 - Togo

		Number	%
Maritimea
	sheep	103 007	21
	goats	93 730	20
Plateauxa
	sheep	153 032	31
	goats	133 787	28
Central
	sheep	54 630	11
	goats	52 040	11
Kara
	sheep	81 587	17
	goats	102 719	21
Savanna
	sheep	100 470	20
	goats	96 947	20
Total
	sheep	492 726	100
	goats	479 223	100

a. Maritime and Plateaux Regions are in the humid zone; the others are non-humid.
Source: Togo, Direction des Services de l'Elevage et des Industries Animales.

Table A7. Distribution of livestock ownership by region, 1973 - Ivory Coast

	% of All Households Owning ....			Average Number of Animals per Household
	Sheep	Goats	Chickens	Sheep	Goats	Chickens
Sud-Est	19.8	15.7	70.1	5.1	4.6	15.1
Centre	31.2	24.5	64.3	4.9	4.5	11.8
Centre-Ouest	21.6	20.7	72.2	5.0	4.9	14.4
Sud-Ouest	30.6	23.5	75.6	4.6	4.1	13.0
Nord	32.9	32.1	75.2	4.6	4.1	20.5
Total	27.1	23.2	71.1	4.9	4.4	15.0

Source: Ivory Coast, Recensement national 1973, Table 4.8.0.

Table A8. Distribution of livestock ownership by size of holding, 1973 - Ivory Coast

	% of All Households Owning ....			Average Number of Animals per Household
	Sheep	Goats	Chickens	Sheep	Goats	Chickens
less than . 5 ha	9.9	14.5	49.6	4.4	2.8	6.8
.5 - 1 ha	16.7	12.9	52.1	4.2	3.0	8.2
1 - 2 ha	22.8	20.4	62.3	3.7	3.1	8.2
2 - 5 ha	25.2	20.9	71.2	3.9	4.4	11.3
5 - 10 ha	28.3	23.5	74.6	5.4	5.0	15.6
10 - 20 ha	31.6	23.4	79.1	5.8	5.6	21.2
20 - 50 ha	39.9	18.5	84.5	12.2	10.3	30.8
50 - 100 ha	37.5	47.0	87.0	13.1	6.1	55.3
Total	25.7	21.1	70.1	4.9	4.6	13.6

Source: Ivory Coast, Recensement national 1973.

Table A9. Distribution of livestock ownership by regions, 1965-75 - Nigeria

Percentage of House-holdsa Owning ... (as of December)		1965	1966	1967	1968	1972	1974	1975
Western State
	sheep	16.0	15.0	6.7	6.0	23.1	20.1	17.1
	goats	33.9	34.0	21.0	17.3	46.8	42.4	36.2
	poultry	58.5	54.2	46.9	45.6	70.7	69.3	56.7
Mid-Western State
	sheep	8.7	5.1	8.2	2.5	-	-	-
	goats	37.7	32.8	29.4	22.9	-	-	-
	poultry	71.1	62.0	62.3	50.3	-	-	-
Eastern State
	sheep	13.5	13.8	-	-	-	-	-
	goats	45.4	44.7	-	-	-	-	-
	poultry	71.7	67.0	-	-	-	-	-

a. The two surveys on which this table is based used different definitions of rural households.

Sources: For 1965-68, Nigeria, Rural economic survey, 1972, Table 5; for 1972-75, Nigeria, Western State agricultural survey, 1973, 1976, Table 21.

Table A10. Average number of animals per household owning stock, 1965-75 - Nigeria

		1965	1966	1967	1968	1972	1974	1975
Western State
	sheep	2.9	2.8	3.6	2.1	3.6	3.0	1.7
	goats	3.2	3.1	1.6	2.8	6.1	3.3	3.4
	poultry	9.3	9.7	9.2	10.7	6.8	15.7	8.6
Mid-Western State
	sheep	4.1	2.7	3.3	2.4	-	-	-
	goats	3.8	4.0	4.0	3.1	-	-	-
	poultry	7.4	9.3	10.4	7.4	-	-	-
Eastern State
	sheep	3.2	3.0	-	-	-	-	-
	goats	3.2	3.4	-	-	-	-	-
	poultry	8.5	10.8	-	-	-	-	-

Sources: Same as for Table A9.

Table A11. Pasture species reported to be useful for feeding sheep and goats in West Africa

Species, Variety		Use
a. Grasses
Cynodon plectostachyus		grazing, soil cover
C. nlemfuensis var. nlemfuensis, IB8		grazing, soil cover
Paspalum notatum var. Pensacola		grazing, soil cover
Panicum maximum var. S112		cutting
Brachiaria ruziziensis		grazing
B. mutica		flooded areas
B. brizantha		grazing, palatable
B. lata		annual
B. deflexa		annual
B. falcifera		annual
Digitaria horizontalis		annual
D. decumbens		grazing, hay
D. smutsii
Dactyloctenium aegyptium		annual, grazing
Chloris gayana
	var. Katanbora	thin stem
	var. callide	thick stem, cutting
Andropogon gayanus		cutting
Pennisetum purpureum		cutting
P. typhoides × P. purpureum		cutting
Tripsacum laxum		cutting
Melinis minutiflora		grazing, sandy soils
Cenchrus cilliaris		grazing, hay
b. Legumes
Centrosema pubescens		grazing, palatable to goats
Pueraria phaseoloides		soil cover
Sophocarpus palustris		soil cover, mulch
Stylosanthes guyanensis		grazing, hay
Calopogonium mucunoides		grazing
Glycine wightii		soil cover, grazing
Dolichos lablab		annual
c. Forbes, Bushes, Trees
Ficus elastica spp.		fencing
Cynodendron		fencing, browse
Baphia nitida		browse, cutting palatable
Spondias spp.		cutting, placenta expellant
Vernonia amygdalina		browse, invader
Amaranthus spinosus		browse
A. viridis		grazing
Tephrosia spp.		fallow planting some spp. toxic
Leucaena leucocephala		fallow planting
Cajanus cajan		human food cattle feed
Griffonia simplicifolia		fed green to goats palatable
Dichapetalum guineense		browse
Grewia carpinifolia		fed green to goats
Caparis erythocarpus
Milletia thononingii		large tree
Tiliacora wanneckii		large tree
Fagara xanthoxyloides		large tree
Richiea reflexa		large tree
Antiaris africana		large tree palatable
Flemingia congesta		large tree palatable
Boerhavia diffusa		browse, drier areas
Trianthema postulacastrum		browse, drier areas
Euphorbia heterophylla		browse
E. hirta		browse
Tridax procumbens		browse
Acanthospermum hispidum		browse
Mimosa pudica		browse
Asystasia gangetica		grazing
Dichrostacys glomerata		browse, invader