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COUNTRIES IN CRISIS REQUIRING EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE1 (total: 37 countries)
AFRICA (21 countries) |
Exceptional shortfall in aggregate food production/supplies | | Lesotho | Multiple year droughts until last season | Somalia | Conflict, adverse weather | Swaziland | Multiple year droughts until last season | Zimbabwe | Deepening economic crisis, drought last season, recent floods |
Widespread lack of access | | Eritrea | IDPs, economic constraints | Liberia | Post-conflict recovery period | Mauritania | Several years of drought | Sierra Leone | Post-conflict recovery period |
Severe localized food insecurity | | Burundi | Civil strife, IDPs and returnees | Central African Republic | Refugees, insecurity in parts | Chad | Refugees, conflict | Congo, Democratic Republic of | Civil strife, returnees | Congo, Republic of | IDPs | Côte d'Ivoire | Civil strife | Ethiopia | Insecurity in parts, localized crop failure | Ghana | Drought and floods | Guinea | Refugees | Guinea-Bissau | Localized insecurity | Kenya | Civil strife, adverse weather | Sudan | Civil strife | Uganda | Civil strife in the north, localized crop failure |
ASIA (10 countries) |
Exceptional shortfall in aggregate food production/supplies | | Iraq | Conflict and insecurity |
Widespread lack of access | | Afghanistan | Conflict and insecurity | Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of | Economic constraints and effects of past floods |
Severe localized food insecurity | | Bangladesh | Past floods and cyclone, avian influenza | China | Disastrous cold, ice and snow in the south | Nepal | Poor market access, conflict and past floods | Sri Lanka | Conflict and floods | Tajikistan | Severe cold, floods/landslides, poor market access | Timor-Leste | IDPs, past drought and floods | Viet Nam | Cold spell in the north |
LATIN AMERICA (5 countries) |
Severe localized food insecurity | | Bolivia | Floods | Dominican Republic | Past floods | Ecuador | Floods | Haiti | Past floods | Nicaragua | Past floods |
EUROPE (1 country) |
Exceptional shortfall in aggregate food production/supplies | | Moldova | Drought, limited access to inputs for winter cropping |
COUNTRIES WITH UNFAVOURABLE PROSPECTS FOR CURRENT CROPS 2
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AFRICA | | Ethiopia | Insufficient rainfall | | Kenya | Insufficient rainfall | | Somalia | Adverse weather, conflicts | | Zimbabwe | Early Floods and late dry spells in parts, shortage of inputs |
TERMINOLOGY
1 Countries in crisis requiring external assistance are expected to lack the resources to deal with reported critical problems of food insecurity. Food crises are nearly always due to a combination of factors but for the purpose of response planning, it is important to establish whether the nature of food crises is predominantly related to lack of food availability, limited access to food, or severe but localized problems. Accordingly, the list of countries requiring external assistance is organized into three broad, not mutually exclusive, categories:
Countries facing an exceptional shortfall in aggregate food production/supplies as a result of crop failure, natural disasters, interruption of imports, disruption of distribution, excessive post-harvest losses, or other supply bottlenecks. Countries with widespread lack of access, where a majority of the population is considered to be unable to procure food from local markets, due to very low incomes, exceptionally high food prices, or the inability to circulate within the country. Countries with severe localized food insecurity due to the influx of refugees, a concentration of internally displaced persons, or areas with combinations of crop failure and deep poverty.
2 Countries facing unfavourable prospects for current crops are countries where prospects point to a shortfall in production of current crops as a result of a reduction of the area planted and/or adverse weather conditions, plant pests, diseases and other calamities which indicate a need for close monitoring of the crops for the remainder of the growing season.
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April 2008 
