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Forest Carbon Tenure in Asia-Pacific: A comparative analysis of legal trends to define carbon rights in Asia-Pacific












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    Comparative study of carbon rights in the context of jurisdictional REDD+
    Case studies from Africa, Asia and the Pacific, and Latin America and the Caribbean
    2024
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    Recognizing the invaluable role of forests in the fight against climate change, countries and the international community have established a framework known as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation, and the role of conservation, sustainable forest management, and the enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries (REDD+). This framework aims to encourage countries to reduce deforestation and degradation by offering financial rewards or results-based payments (RBPs) for verified emission reductions, at the same time promoting sustainable development.While the existence of various international RBPs and carbon market schemes valuing emission reductions (ERs) presents multiple opportunities for countries participating in REDD+, there is a critical need to clarify ERs rights and determine who benefits from REDD+ results.This study offers a comprehensive comparative analysis that focuses on the nature and allocation of ER rights, as well as the legal entitlements associated with REDD+ outcomes. To conduct this study, legislation from more than twenty countries across Africa, Asia and the Pacific, and Latin America was reviewed between November 2021 and June 2023.
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    Comparative analysis of forest laws in twelve Sub-Saharan African countries 2004
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    The paper summarizes results of a study evaluating national forest laws currently in effect in the following sub-Saharan African countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Ethiopia, Gabon, the Gambia, Guinea Lesotho, Madagascar, Senegal, Tanzania, and Zimbabwe. Six major themes are examined: integration of forestry into development and environment policies; new roles for stakeholders; diversification of management systems; valuing products and services; forest conservation; and measures to promote an appropriate framework for the forestry sector. The results show that most of these aspects are taken into account in the forest laws of the countries investigated. However, they are regulated with varying intensity, and differ to some extent from standards and guiding principles established by the international community.
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    Participatory forestry in Central Asia and the Caucasus: current legal trends and future perspectives 2008
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    The objective of this paper is to identify the current legal trends in participatory forestry in the Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia) and in Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan).4 The region is unique and interesting because countries share a common Soviet past and currently present different degrees of departure from the centralized planning system and, in some cases, from the state’s exclusive ownership of natural resources.5 Three aspects wi ll be analyzed more specifically with respect to participatory forestry, against the background of international obligations and good practices: a) public participation in forest-related decision-making; b) public access to forest-related information; and c) the direct participation of local communities in forest management. Before turning to the comparative legal analysis, this study offers an overview of the region: the characteristics of the forest sector, the institutional and legal framewor k for forest management, as well as adherence to relevant international agreements. As some of the countries in the region are currently engaged in forest law reform, the study will conclude with some reflections on how to enhance participatory forestry.

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