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Collection of Entomological Baseline Data for Tsetse Area-wide Integrated Pest Management Programmes

FAO Animal Production and Health Guidelines 1











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    Fruit sampling guidelines for area-wide fruit fly programmes 2019
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    Population survey is a basic component of any area-wide integrated pest management programme. Pest surveillance measures have to be practical, cost-effective and provide reliable information to action programme managers. Fruit fly trapping provides useful information on the presence or absence of the pest, and on its relative spatial distribution and abundance. However, performance and thus effectiveness of trapping systems can be affected by extrinsic factors including changing environmental and ecological conditions. Under certain conditions, fruit sampling becomes a suitable tool for population sampling. For example, at the beginning or end of the fruiting season when fewer mature fruits are still available on the trees, larvae could be more easily detected. Fruit sampling also becomes an important pest detection tool in areas where sterile flies are being continuously released and where low-density trapping is kept to avoid high sterile fly recapture rate and where traps are aimed basically at monitoring the released sterile flies.
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    Guidelines for the Use of Mathematics in Operational Area-Wide Integrated Pest Management Programmes Using the Sterile Insect Technique with a Special Focus on Tephritid Fruit Flies 2016
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    This guideline will assist managers in the use of mathematics in area-wide Integrated Pest Management (AW-IPM) programmes using the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). It describes mathematical tools that can be used at different stages of suppression/eradication programmes. It provides simple methods for calculating the various quantities of sterile insects required so that more realistic sterile: fertile rates to suppress pest populations can be achieved. On the other hand, most SIT programmes ha ve information systems based on GIS that produces reliable profiles of historic information. Based on the results of past activities they describe what has happened in the last weeks but barely explain what is expected in the following weeks. With the help of this guideline current AW-IPM progammes can use that historic information to develop predictive models for their particular conditions to better plan control measures.
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    Rearing codling moth for the sterile insect technique 2010
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    The codling moth Cydia pomonella is amongst the most severe pests of pome fruit in the temperate regions of the world. Broad-spectrum insecticides have mainly been used to control this pest resulting in several negative environmental consequences. The demand for alternative control techniques is therefore increasing worldwide, and includes synthetic growth regulators, mating disruption, attract and kill, microbiological control agents, and the sterile insect technique (SIT). The in tegration of sterile insects with these control practices within the context of area-wide integrated pest management offers great potential. However, efficient and effective mass-rearing of the target insect is a fundamental component of the SIT but its complexity for Lepidopteran pests is very often underestimated. There has been an increasing interest to develop codling moth SIT for integration with other control tactics over the past years. This document compiles and summarize s available information on the rearing of the codling moth in relation to the SIT. Aspects such as colonization, adult and larval diet, sexing, quality control, shipment, disease control, data recording and management are described. It is not a text book but is developed so that individual sections can be consulted by the reader when necessary. The document therefore, does not provide guidelines per se, nor is it a compendium of standard operating procedures, as these will need t o be developed for each rearing facility based upon local needs and availability of materials and ingredients. The document is an attempt to bring together all existing information on the rearing of codling moth.

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