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Improving water governance in Lebanon’s Kalb River Basin

Governance and policy support: Policy brief








FAO. 2024. Improving water governance in Lebanon’s Kalb River Basin – Governance and policy support: Policy brief. Rome. 




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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Assessing water demand in Kabul River Basin during summer season 2022 2023
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    Better understanding of cropland water demand provides useful guidance for efficient irrigation practices. Potential evapotranspiration can be defined as a proxy of cropland water demand, i.e., the amount of water that can be transferred to the air from land1. Potential evapotranspiration was retrieved from MODIS remote sensing imagery and cropland extent from a land cover dataset based on Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data2,3. A bivariate map with a hexagon grid (cells of 90 square kilometers) is shown to analyze the water demand and the cropland distribution in the Kabul River Basin. The map can help policy-makers and stakeholders to gain valuable insights into the cropland water demand, aiding in effective water resource management and sustainable agriculture practices. This analysis contributes to the objectives of the Afghanistan Emergency Food Security Project (OSRO/AFG/213/WBK).
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    Brochure, flyer, fact-sheet
    Assessing water demand in Kabul river basin during winter season 2023
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    Better understanding of cropland water demand provides useful guidance for efficient irrigation practices. Cropland water demand is defined as the potential evapotranspiration, i.e., the amount of water that can be transferred to the air from land1. Potential evapotranspiration was retrieved from MODIS remote sensing imagery, and cropland extent was collected from ESA WorldCover, a land cover dataset based on Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 data2,3. A bivariate map with a hexagon grid (cells of 90 square kilometers) is shown to analyze the water demand and the cropland distribution in the Kabul River Basin. The map can help policy-makers and stakeholders to gain valuable insights into the cropland water demand, aiding in effective water resource management and sustainable agriculture practices. This analysis contributes to the objectives of the Afghanistan Emergency Food Security Project.
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    Book (stand-alone)
    Water Accounting in the Litani River Basin
    WaPOR Water Accounting reports
    2019
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    This report provides the water accounting study for Litani River basin in Lebanon carried out by IHE Delft using the Water Productivity open data portal (WaPOR) of the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO). The Litani River basin is one of the key river basins in Lebanon and it is experiencing water scarcity with annual renewable water resources being 606.9 mm3/yr. With an estimated population of 375 000 in 2010 and doubled by 2016 due to the Syrian refugee crisis, the total per capita water availability is around 800 m3/cap/yr indicating water shortage. Increasing challenges such as growing population, climate change, groundwater over-exploitation and inter-basin transfers have put the available water resources in the basin under stress. The completeness and quality of the hydro-meteorological records are insufficient to draw an appropriate picture of the water resources conditions. However, the Water Accounting Plus (WA+) system designed by IHE Delft with its partners FAO and IWMI has been applied to gain full insights into the state of the water resources in the basin for the period 2010 to 2016. The WA+ framework is a reporting mechanism for water flows, fluxes and stocks that are summarized by means of WA+ sheets.

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