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Book (stand-alone)Non-wood forest products of Central Africa: current research issues and prospects for conservation and development 1999
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Book (stand-alone)Ecotourism And Other Services Derived From Forests In The Asia-Pacific Region: Outlook To 2010
Asia-Pacific Forestry Sector Outlook Study: Working Paper No: APFSOS/WP/24
1997Also available in:
No results found.After a summary of the ecological, economic and sociocultural services provided by forests this paper goes on to define ecotourism and to give an overview of the status of different kinds in the Asia-Pacific region. The outlook for ecotourism is then discussed in terms of trends, issues and future options. A key issue identified is the need for ecotourism to be dealt with in a business-like approach in terms of reacting to changes in the marketplace and satisfying ecotourists as customers -
Book (stand-alone)Putting Payments for Environmental Services in the Context of Economic Development 2006
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No results found.Paying for the provision of environmental services is a recent policy innovation that is attracting much attention in both developed and developing countries. The innovation involves a move away from command and control environmental policies, harnessing market forces to obtain more efficient environmental outcomes. Linking payments for environmental services (PES) to economic development and poverty reduction is an issue of importance since they may represent a new source of finance to developi ng countries, and developing countries are potentially important suppliers of global environmental services. The objective of this paper is to apply economic concepts, particularly those from natural resource and environmental economics, to a wide range of issues associated with the introduction of ES programs in the context of economic development. We introduce a typology of ES based upon economic reasoning, showing that payments for ES provide a solution to externalities and public good proble ms within the bounds of political economic constraints. Secondly, we focus on the problem of who should pay for ES: to what extent are payments likely to be covered within a global framework rather within a national or regional framework? Third, we will turn to issues of program design. We present some answers to the questions of how to target payments to achieve their objectives efficiently, and what the implications of alternative design schemes are. In particular, we focus upon the equity imp lications of ES programs and how can they affect poverty alleviation. The final section addresses issues of monitoring and enforcement of ES contracts, and we summarize the key findings in the conclusion.
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