REHABILITATION, CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION OF MANGROVES IN EGYPT

1.1 Context of the project

1.2 Terms of reference

1.3 Methodology adopted

1.4 Structure of the report

2 KEY PRINCIPLES

2.1 Socio-economic assessment

2.2 Socio-economic techniques

2.3 Economic valuation

2.4 Total Economic Value

2.5 Environmental valuation techniques

3 OVERVIEW OF EGYPT’S MANGROVE VALUES

3.1 Total Economic Value of Egypt’s mangroves

3.2 The relative importance of Egypt’s mangroves

4 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ROLES

4.1 Key stakeholders and benefits

4.2 Key livelihood values

5 DIRECT USE VALUES

5.1 Forest products: wood fuel

5.2 Forest products: animal browsing

5.3 Forest products: traditional medicines and tannins etc

5.4 Forest products: pharmaceutical and genetic resources

5.5 Forest products: apiculture

5.6 Fish and shellfish resources

5.7 Other wildlife resources

5.8 Aquaculture

5.9 Recreation and tourism

5.10 Landscape value

5.11 Education and research

5.12 Conservation funds

6 INDIRECT USE VALUES

6.1 Support to off-site fisheries

6.2 Biological support of off-site habitats and species

6.3 Shoreline protection function

6.4 Sediment regulation and accretion

6.5 Other mangrove functions

7 NON-USE VALUES

7.1 Non-use values

8 IMPACTS ON MANGROVES

8.1 Types of adverse impact

8.2 Effect on socio-economic roles

8.3 Benefits from mangrove management and restoration

9 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

9.1 Recommendations

REFERENCES

ANNEX I - ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ANNEX II - COMMENTS ON THE TOTAL ECONOMIC VALUE METHODOLOGY USED TO VALUE EGYPT’S MANGROVES

ANNEX III - PHOTOS

LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 Socio-economic roles of Egypt’s mangroves

Table 2 Summary of current and potential values of Egypt’s mangroves

Table 3 Impacts to Egypt’s mangroves and key values affected

Table 4 Environmental valuation techniques

Table 5 Key benefits arising to different stakeholders groups from Egypt’s mangroves

Table 6 Ras Mohammed land recreation value of mangroves

Table 7 Ras Mohammed sea recreation value of mangroves

Table 8 Nabq recreation value of mangroves

Table 9 Relative abundance of fish (number caught per 300m trawl) at Wadi-Kid and Nabq between June 1989 and May 1990

Table 10 Egyptian fish catch dependant on mangroves

Table 11 Potential national non-use value for Egypt’s mangroves

Table 12 Potential visitor non-use value for Egypt’s mangroves

Table 13 Impacts on Egypt’s mangroves and key values affected

Table 14 Summary of current and potential values of Egypt’s mangroves

Table 15 Estimated Total Economic Value of mangroves at Ras Mohammed and Nabq

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Total Economic Value framework

Figure 2 Total economic value of mangroves

Figure 3 Relative importance of the different values of Egypt’s mangroves

LIST OF ACRONYMS

BCR................................................. Benefit to Cost Ratio

CBA................................................ Cost Benefit Analysis

CS......................................................... Consumer Surplus

EEAA............... Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency

FAO........................... Food and Agriculture Organization

GEF..................................... Global Environment Facility

NPV...................................................... Net Present Value

PS........................................................... Producer Surplus

TCM.................................................. Travel Cost Method

TEV............................................... Total Economic Value

WTP..................................................... Willingness to Pay